Mukutsvaga kusingaperi kweunyanzvi hwekugadzira, uko kushivirirana kuri kudzikira kubva pama micrometer kuenda kuma nanometer, nzvimbo yekutarisa inoramba iri chinhu chakakosha zvikuru. Dombo guru re metrology yemazuva ano—nzvimbo inotorwa zviyero zvese zvemutsara—ndiyo granite plate. Kunyanya, granite inspection plate ine kunyatsorongeka uye structural partner yayo, granite inspection table kana granite surface table, inoramba ichitonga, kunyangwe munguva ye digital measurement systems yepamusoro. Asi chii chiri pamusoro pechinhu ichi chechisikigo, chinoita sechiri nyore chinoita kuti chisatsiviwe se "zero point" mumaindasitiri anonetsa pasi rose, kubva pakugadzira semiconductor kusvika kuma laser systems ane simba rakawanda?
Mhinduro yacho iri mukusangana kwezvinhu zvepakutanga uye hunyanzvi hwekugadzira hwakanyatsogadzirwa kwemakumi emakore. Pakusarudza nzvimbo yekutarisisa yekuongorora kwakakosha, zvinodiwa zvinopfuura kuomarara kuri nyore. Kugadzikana, kugara kwenguva refu, uye kugara kwenguva refu kwekupisa ndizvo zvinonyanya kukosha.
Kubatsira Kusingachinji kwePremium Black Granite
Hwaro hwechinhu chipi nechipi chegranite chakanyatsogadzirwa zvakanaka ndicho chinhu chakagadzirwa nacho. Kusiyana negranite yegrey yakajairika kana marble isingachinjiki inowanzo shandiswa nevagadziri vasinganyanyi kungwarira, mwero weindasitiri wekugadzikana usingachinji unoda granite ine huwandu hwakawanda, ine gabbro dema.
Semuenzaniso, ZHHIMG® Black Granite yakagadzirwa nesainzi kuti ishande zvakanaka, ine huremu hwakakura hweinenge 3100 kg/m³. Chimiro ichi chezvicherwa chepamusoro hachisi nhamba chete; ndicho chivimbiso chekushanda zvakanaka. Huremu hwakanyanya hunoenderana zvakananga nekuwedzera kweYoung's modulus, zvichikonzera kuti chinhu chakaoma uye chirambe chichidzivirira mitoro isingachinji uye inochinja-chinja inoiswa pairi. Kusimba uku kunoita kuti tafura yepamusoro yegranite irambe yakagadzikana—dzimwe nguva kusvika pa nanometer—kunyangwe ichitsigira magantries makuru eCoordinate Measuring Machine (CMM) kana maworkpieces anorema.
Uyezve, kuyerera kwemafuta egranite kwakaderera uye kuwedzera kwemafuta kwakaderera zvakanyanya zvakakosha. Mumakamuri ekuongorora anodzorwa nekupisa, nzvimbo yekutarisisa inofanira kuramba shanduko diki dzinokonzerwa nekuchinja-chinja kwekushisa kwemhepo kana kutamiswa kwekupisa kubva muchikamu chiri kuongororwa. Zvinhu zveZHHIMG® zvinogara kwenguva refu zvichichembera kuti zvibvise kushushikana kwemukati zvachose, zvichiita kuti chimiro chesangano chive chakafanana uye zvichivimbisa kuti chakapedzwa.ndiro yegraniteichapa nzvimbo yakavimbika, isina kukanganiswa kwemakumi emakore.
Kugadzira "Zero Point": Kunyatsonaka Kupfuura Kupukuta Zviri Nyore
Kugadzira ndiro yekuongorora yegranite yakanyatsogadzirwa imhando yeunyanzvi yakadzika midzi mune sainzi yakaoma, inopfuura kuchera nekucheka kwekutanga. Maitiro aya anosanganisira michina mikuru, yemazuva ano inoshanda pamwe chete nemidziyo yemetrology inonyanya kushanda, uye, zvakanyanya, chikamu chehunyanzvi hwevanhu.
Vatungamiriri vepasi rose mubasa iri vanoshandisa nzvimbo dzakakura uye dzinodzorwa nezvakatipoteredza. Matafura ekuongorora granite akagadzirwa nemazvo anorema matani anopfuura zana uye akareba kusvika mamita makumi maviri anoda zvivakwa zvine hunyanzvi. Semuenzaniso, kushandiswa kwemaworkshops anodzikamisa tembiricha nehunyoro—anowanzo kuve nepasi rekongiri rakakora uye makomba ekudzivirira kudedera—zvinosungirwa. Nzvimbo iyi inobvisa ruzha rwezvakatipoteredza, ichivimbisa kuti matanho ekupedzisira ekushandisa nemaoko nemuchina anoitirwa mumamiriro ezvinhu akagadzikana zvakanyanya.
Maitiro ekukuya nekurovera ndipo panogoneka kutsetseka kunodiwa. Vagadziri vemagadzirirwo chaiwo vanoisa mari yakawanda mumichina mikuru, yakanyatsogadzirwa, inokwanisa kugadzirisa zvikamu zvesimbi nezvisiri zvesimbi kusvika padanho repamusoro rekururama. Zvisinei, kunyange muchina wepamusoro-soro unogona kuita zvakawanda chete. Kugadzirisa kwakakosha—micron yekupedzisira yekugadzirisa kutsetseka—kunowanzoitwa nenyanzvi dzemabasa. Nyanzvi idzi, dzinowanzova nemakore makumi matatu kana kupfuura eruzivo, dzinoshandisa matekiniki ekubata nemaoko, dzichivimba nekunzwisisa kwakapfava, kuti dzikwanise kuwana kutsetseka kwepamusoro kunosangana kana kupfuura zviyero zvakaoma pasi rose, zvinosanganisira ASME B89.3.7, DIN 876, uye JIS B 7510. Kubata uku kwevanhu, kunoshandura dombo rakaoma kuita nanometer-flat reference, ndiko kunosiyanisa tafura yepamusoro yegranite.
Mutemo weMetrology: Kutevedza uye Maitiro
Muindasitiri yekuongorora zvinhu nemazvo, chiyero chakanaka chete sekutarisa nzvimbo inotariswa.ndiro yekuongorora yegraniteKuti ivimbwe pasi rose, kusimbiswa kwayo kunofanira kunge kusina chakungapomerwa uye kuchiteverwa.
Vagadziri vanotungamira vanoisa plate yega yega pamusoro pechinhu kuti iongororwe zvizere vachishandisa maturusi ekuyera akanyanya kunaka pasi rose: laser interferometers, mazinga emagetsi (akadai seaya anobva kuWYLER), uye high-resolution inductive probes (akafanana neaya anobva kuMahr). Maturusi aya anoyera kutsandarara kwese, kudzokorora kururama kwekuverenga, uye musiyano wenzvimbo mukusandarara, kazhinji kusvika pakutsandarara kwe 0.5 m kana kupfuura.
Chinokosha ndechekuti, zvishandiso zvese zvekuyera zvinofanirwa kuongororwa nguva nenguva, uye kuteverwa kumasangano epasi rose neenyika (seNIST, NPL, kana PTB). Kutevedzera uku mutemo wepasi rose wemetrology kwakasimba ndiko kunoita kuti matafura ekuongorora granite akasimbiswa agamuchirwa pasi rose semuyero wegoridhe mumakamuri ekuenzanisa uye ekudzora mhando. Pasina hwaro uhwu hwakasimbiswa, hwakatsetseka senanometer, kushanda kwemidziyo yemagetsi inokwana mamiriyoni akawanda emadhora—senge maCMM epamusoro, masisitimu e semiconductor lithography, uye femtosecond laser machines—zvaisazogoneka kusimbisa.
Granite seChikamu Chekupedzisira Chemuchina
Kunyange zvazvo tafura yepamusoro pegranite ichikosha sechishandiso chekuyera, basa rayo muzvishandiso zvemazuva ano zvinomhanya zvikuru uye zvakarurama zvakakoshawo. Zvikamu zvegranite, mabhesi, uye magadzirirwo azvo zvakatsiva simbi yakakandwa nezvimwe zvinhu zvechinyakare muchimiro chemichina yepamusoro:
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Kuderedza Kudedera: Maumbirwo emukati meGranite nehuremu hwayo zvinopa hunhu hwepamusoro hwekudedera kana tichienzanisa nesimbi, zvichinyatso tora kudedera kwemuchina uye kuwedzera kwekupisa izvo zvinogona kukanganisa nzvimbo ye sub-micron.
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Kugadzikana Kwemadimikira: Kune zvinhu zvakakosha zvakaita semasisitimu ane mhepo, granite inopa kugadzikana kwenguva refu, kusingakanganisi, uye kusingachinjiki kwakakosha pakuchengetedza mipata yemhepo uye kutungamira njanji yakafanana pakufamba kukuru.
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Kukura uye Kuoma Kwazvo: Nekukwanisa kugadzira zvivakwa zvegranite zvakaoma, zve monolithic uye mabhesi emuchina anosvika mamita makumi maviri pakureba, magranite plates ikozvino ave zvinhu zvakagadzirwa nemaoko, zvine maT-slots akabatanidzwa, tambo dzinoiswa, uye nzvimbo dzine mhepo dzinoshanda semusana wechimiro chemitsara yese yekugadzira.
Kukosha kwenguva refu kweplate yegranite yakanyatsogadzirwa kwakajeka. Haisi kungori chisaririra chemetrology yechinyakare; imhinduro yezvinhu zvemhando yepamusoro inogara ichichinja-chinja iyo inoumba hwaro hwekutanga hwezvikamu zvekugadzira zvepamberi pasi rose. Sezvo zvinodiwa zvekururama kwehukuru zvichiri kuramba zvichiwedzera, kugadzikana, kugara kwenguva refu, uye kusimba kwegranite nhema yepamusoro kunoramba kuri kwakakosha pakuona kuti mhando, kugara kwenguva refu, uye hunyanzvi huri kuitwa muindasitiri yepasi rose yakanyatsogadzirwa.
Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-10-2025