Munyika yanhasi yekugadzira zvinhu nemazvo, uko kururama kunoyerwa muma microns uye kunyange ma nanometers, kudedera kudiki kana kushanduka kwekupisa kunogona kuona kubudirira kana kukundikana. Sezvo maindasitiri achiramba achikwidza miganhu yekuyera nekugadzira, kudiwa kwenzvimbo yekuyera yakasimba, yakavimbika, uye inogara kwenguva refu hakuna kumbova kwakakura. Apa ndipo panosiyana mapuratifomu egranite nemazvo - akaberekerwa kubva kumamiriyoni emakore ekuumbwa kwe geology yechisikigo uye akagadzirwa kuburikidza nemaitiro emazuva ano ekunyatsojeka, ave chiyero chisingapokanwa chekururama kwekuyera.
Zvakanakira granite zvinotangira mukati medombo pacharo. Zvinhu zvepamusoro-soro zvakaita seZHHIMG® Black Granite kana Jinan Green Granite zvinosarudzwa nekuda kwechimiro chazvo chakasimba, tsanga dzakafanana, uye hukama hwakanaka. Matombo aya anokwegura zvechisikigo kuti aburitse kushushikana kwemukati kwakaunganidzwa nekufamba kwenguva. Nekuda kweizvozvo, granite inopa kuwedzera kwekupisa kwakaderera zvikuru—kazhinji kacho 0.5 kusvika 1.2 × 10⁻⁶/°C—inova chikamu chimwe muzvitatu kana pasi peicho chesimbi yakakandwa. Mwero wekuwedzera wakaderera uyu unoreva kuti granite haikanganisike nekuchinja kwekushisa, ichichengetedza kugadzikana kwenguva refu uye ichivimbisa kururama kwekuyera kwakafanana kunyangwe mumamiriro ebasa anochinja-chinja.
Chimwe chinhu chinoratidza mapuratifomu egranite akanyatsogadzirwa ndiko kudzikamisa kwavo kutenderera. Magadzirirwo egranite akajeka anotora nekuparadza kutenderera zviri nani kupfuura zvinhu zvesimbi—zvinopfuura kagumi kupfuura simbi yakakandwa. Hunhu uhwu hwakakosha munzvimbo dzinoshandisa zvishandiso zvine resolution yepamusoro senge interferometers, coordinate measuring machines (CMMs), uye optical measuring systems. Nekuderedza kutenderera nekusimbaradza, granite inogadzira nzvimbo yekuyera "yakanyarara" uko data rinoramba rakachena uye richidzokororwa.
Granite inopawo kuomarara kusingaenzaniswi, kusakara, uye kusaora. Inodzivirira kukwenywa uye ngura yemakemikari, inoramba yakapfava kwemakumi emakore pasi pekushandiswa kwakajairika, uye haidi kugadziriswa zvachose—kusiyana nenzvimbo dzesimbi dzakaumbwa, dzinofanira kugara dzichikwenywa uye dzichigadziriswa kubva kungura. Uyezve, granite haina simba remagineti, zvichiita kuti ive yakakodzera marabhoritari nenzvimbo dzinokanganiswa nekukanganiswa nemagineti, senge MRI facilities kana michina yekuyedza nemazvo.
Hunhu uhwu hunoita kuti mapuratifomu egranite akarurama ave akakosha mumaindasitiri anovimba nekurongeka uye kugadzikana. Anoshanda sehwaro hwemichina yekuyera yakarongeka, laser interferometers, optical comparators, uye roundness testers inoshandiswa neNational Metrology Institutes neAdvanced Research Laboratorys. Muindasitiri ye semiconductor, vanotsigira masisitimu ekuongorora wafer uye lithography michina uko kugadzikana kunokanganisa zvakananga goho remachipisi. Mukugadzira nemaoptics akarurama, magranite bases anopa rutsigiro rwakasimba rwemichina yekukuya nekugaya nemazvo, zvichiita kuti kupedzwa kwepamusoro uye kusimba kwemativi. Kunyangwe mukutsvagisa kwesainzi, kubva pakuona mafungu egiravhiti kusvika kumidziyo yekurapa, granite inoshanda sehwaro hwakavimbika hunochengetedza kuyedza kwakasimba uye kwakarurama.
Kusarudza chikuva chegranite chakakodzera chinonongedza zvakawanda kupfuura kusarudza saizi kana mutengo wakakodzera. Zvinhu zvakaita semhando yezvinhu, dhizaini yezvivakwa, uye hunyanzvi hwekugadzira zvinosarudza mashandiro enguva refu. Mapuratifomu anofanirwa kusangana nemagiredhi ekunyatsojeka anozivikanwa (00, 0, kana 1) zvichienderana neISO kana mwero wemetrology yenyika, uye vagadziri vanofanirwa kukwanisa kupa zvitupa zvekuongorora zvevamwe. Matekiniki epamusoro akadai sekugadzirisa nekunyatsojeka, kukwegura kwechisikigo, uye dhizaini yekutsigira zvivakwa zvine ribbed zvakanaka zvinobatsira kuona kuti chikuva hachina kukanganiswa zvakanyanya pasi pemutoro.
Kana tichienzanisa nesimbi dzekare, granite inobudirira zvikuru. Inoratidza kugadzikana kwakanyanya, inonyorovesa mvura zviri nani, inodzivirira kupfekwa zvakanyanya, uye inodhura zvishoma yekugadzirisa, ukuwo isingakuvadzi ngura uye isingapindi magineti. Kunyangwe mutengo wekutanga wegranite ungave wakakwira, hupenyu hwayo hurefu uye kunyatsoita kwayo nguva dzose kunoita kuti ive mari inodhura uye yakavimbika kwenguva refu.
Muchidimbu, chikuva chegranite chakarurama hachisi dombo chete—ndicho hwaro hwakanyarara hwekuyera nekugadzira kwemazuva ano. Chinoratidza kuzvipira kwekambani kune kururama, kugara kwenguva refu, uye kunaka kwemhando yepamusoro. Sezvo maindasitiri achifambira mberi kune mwero wepamusoro wekururama, kusarudza chikuva chegranite kudyara mari kwete mumidziyo chete asiwo mune ramangwana rekuvimbika kwekuyera pacharo.
Nguva yekutumira: Mbudzi-07-2025