Munyaya yekuyera nemazvo, zvishandiso zvekuyera zvemashaft zvinoita basa rakakosha mukuona kuti zvikamu zvemashaft zvine mativi uye chimiro chakarurama. Kugadzikana uye kuramba ngura kwezvigadziko zvavo munzvimbo dzine hunyoro zvinokanganisa zvakananga kururama kwemhedzisiro yekuyera uye hupenyu hwebasa remidziyo. Kutarisana nenzvimbo dzakaoma dzine hunyoro hwakawanda senge maindasitiri ekushandira nenzvimbo dzegungwa, zvigadziko zvegranite, zvine hunhu hwazvo hwakasiyana uye zvakanakira kudzivirira ngura, zvave sarudzo yakakodzera yezvishandiso zvekuyera zvemashaft.
Matambudziko enzvimbo dzine hunyoro anosangana nezvishandiso zvekuyera
Nzvimbo ine hunyoro idambudziko guru rinotarisana nehwaro hwezvishandiso zvekuyera shaft optical. Hunyoro mumhepo hahuzongogadzikane pamusoro pehwaro kuti hugadzire firimu remvura chete, asiwo hunogona kupinda mukati mechinhu chacho. Kune hwaro hwesimbi, hwakadai sesimbi yakakandwa kana hwaro hwesimbi, nzvimbo ine hunyoro inogona kukonzera oxidation nengura zviri nyore, zvichikonzera ngura nekubviswa kwehwaro, izvo zvinokanganisa kunyatsogadzirwa uye kugadzikana kwechishandiso chekuyera. Panguva imwecheteyo, ngura inokonzerwa nengura inogonawo kupinda muzvikamu zvechishandiso chekuyera, zvichikonzera kupera nekuvharika kwezvikamu, izvo zvinokanganisa zvakanyanya kunyatsorongeka kwekuyera uye kushanda kwakajairika kwemidziyo. Pamusoro pezvo, kuwedzera kwekupisa uye mhedzisiro yekudzikama kunokonzerwa nekuchinja kwehunyoro kunogona kutungamira kune shanduko diki muhukuru hwehwaro, zvichikonzera kutariswa kwekuyera kuchinja uye zvichikonzera zvikanganiso zvekuyera zvisingagone kufuratirwa.
Hunhu hwechisikigo hwegranite hunodzivirira ngura
Granite, sedombo rechisikigo, ine mukana wekudzivirira ngura. Makristaro emumaminerari ari mukati akanyatsogadzirwa uye chimiro chacho chakasimba uye chakafanana, zvichiita chipingamupinyi chechisikigo chinodzivirira mvura kupinda. Kusiyana nezvinhu zvesimbi, granite haisanganiswi nemakemikari nezvinhu zvine acidic kana alkaline. Kunyangwe ikasangana nenzvimbo ine hunyoro ine magasi kana mvura inoparadza kwenguva yakareba, inogona kuchengetedza hunhu hwemakemikari hwakagadzikana uye haizosangana nematambudziko akadai sekuora kana ngura.
Mumakambani ekugadzira michina munzvimbo dziri kumahombekombe, hunyoro hwemhepo mumaworkshops hunogara hwakakwira gore rose uye hune huwandu hwakati hwemunyu. Chishandiso chekuyera cheoptical shafts chine mabhesi esimbi chakakandwa chicharatidza zviitiko zvakajeka zvekuora mumwedzi mishomanana chete, uye kukanganisa kwekuyera kucharamba kuchiwedzera. Chishandiso chekuyera chine granite base chakaramba chakapfava uye chitsva semazuva ese mushure memakore akati wandei ekushandiswa, uye kururama kwacho kwekuyera kwagara kwakagadzikana, zvichiratidza zvizere kushanda kwakanaka kwegranite kudzivirira ngura munzvimbo ine hunyoro.
Zvakanakira kushanda kwegranite bases zvakakwana
Pamusoro pekudzivirira kwayo ngura zvakanaka, granite base ine zvimwe zvakanakira zvakawanda, ichipa dziviriro yakakwana yekushanda kwakasimba kwechishandiso chekuyera shaft optical munzvimbo ine hunyoro. Kuwanda kwekuwedzera kwegranite mukupisa kwakaderera zvikuru, chete 5-7 × 10⁻⁶/℃. Kana tembiricha ichichinja-chinja nekuda kwekushanduka kwehunyoro, haigone kuchinja mativi, zvichiita kuti chiyero chekuyera chigare kwenguva refu. Panguva iyi, hunhu hwakanaka hwegranite hwekudzikisa vibration hunogona kunyudza vibration yekunze. Kunyangwe kana michina ikasangana ne resonance diki nekuda kwesimba remvura munzvimbo ine hunyoro, vibration inogona kukurumidza kudzikiswa, kudzivirira kukanganiswa nekunyatsojeka kwekuyera.
Pamusoro pezvo, mushure mekugadziriswa kwakanyatsojeka, hwaro hwegranite hunogona kusvika pakakwirira, zvichipa mukana wakavimbika wekuyera zvikamu zvemugodhi nemazvo. Hunhu hwayo hwekuomarara (Mohs hardness ye6-7) hunoita kuti pamusoro pehwaro huve nekudzivirira kupfeka kwakanaka. Kunyangwe ikashandiswa kakawanda munzvimbo ine hunyoro, hainyanyi kupera, zvichiwedzera hupenyu hwechishandiso chekuyera.
Munyaya yekuyera mashafts nemaziso ane zvinodiwa zvakanyatsonaka, matambudziko ekuora nekugadzikana anokonzerwa nenzvimbo dzine hunyoro haafanirwe kufuratirwa. Mabhesi egranite, ane hunhu hwawo hwekudzivirira ngura, mashandiro akasimba emuviri uye mabhenefiti akajeka, ave mhinduro yekupedzisira kumatambudziko aya. Kusarudza chishandiso chekuyera mashafts ane granite base kunogona kuve nechokwadi chekuti kushanda kwakasimba kunoramba kuripo munzvimbo ine hunyoro, kuburitsa data rekuyera rakarurama uye rakavimbika, uye kuchengetedza kukura kwemhando yepamusoro kwemaindasitiri akadai sekugadzira michina nendege.
Nguva yekutumira: Chivabvu-13-2025