Zadzisa CMM Muchina uye Chiyero Gwaro

Chii chinonzi CMM Machine?

Fungidzira muchina weCNC-maitiro unokwanisa kugadzira zviyero zvakanyatsonaka nenzira ine otomatiki.Ndozvinoita CMM Machines!

CMM inomirira "Coordinate Measuring Machine".Ivo vangangove iwo ekupedzisira 3D ekuyeresa zvishandiso maererano nekubatanidzwa kwavo kwese kushanduka, kurongeka, uye kumhanya.

Zvishandiso zveCoordinate Measuring Machines

Coordinate Measuring Machines akakosha chero nguva zviyero zvakaringana zvinoda kuitwa.Uye iyo yakanyanya kuomarara kana kuwanda zviyero, zvakanyanya kubatsira kushandisa CMM.

Kazhinji maCMM anoshandiswa kuongorora uye kutonga kwemhando.Kureva kuti, ivo vanoshandiswa kuona kuti chikamu chinosangana nezvinodiwa nemugadziri uye zvakatemwa.

Vanogonawo kushandiswareverse engineermativi aripo nokuita kuyerwa kwakarurama kwezvimiro zvawo.

Ndiani akagadzira CMM Machines?

Iwo ekutanga CMM Machines akagadzirwa neFerranti Company yekuScotland muma1950.Dzaidiwa pakuyera chaiko kwezvikamu zvemuchadenga uye maindasitiri ekudzivirira.Michina yekutanga yaingova nematemo maviri ekufamba.Michina mitatu yeaxis yakaunzwa muma1960 neDEA yekuItaly.Kudzora kwekombuta kwakauya mukutanga kwema1970, uye kwakaunzwa naSheffield wekuUSA.

Mhando dzeCMM Machines

Kune marudzi mashanu emuchina wekuyeresa wakarongeka:

• Bridge Type CMM: Muchigadzirwa ichi, chinonyanya kuzivikanwa, musoro weCMM unokwira pabhiriji.Rimwe divi rebhiriji rinotasva njanji pamubhedha, uye imwe inotsigirwa pamukushi wemhepo kana imwe nzira pamubhedha pasina njanji.
• Cantilever CMM: Iyo cantilever inotsigira bhiriji padivi rimwe chete.
• Gantry CMM: Iyo gantry inoshandisa njanji pamativi ese, senge CNC Router.Aya ndiwo maCMM akakura, saka ivo vanoda rubatsiro rwekuwedzera.
• Horizontal Arm CMM: Fungidzira cantilever, asi nebhiriji rese richikwira nekudzika neruoko rumwe kwete pane axis yaro.Aya ndiwo mashoma chaiwo maCMM, asi anogona kuyera hombe yakatetepa yaive zvinhu zvakaita semiviri yemotokari.
• Inotakurika Arm Type CMM: Michina iyi inoshandisa maoko akabatanidzwa uye inowanzoiswa pamaoko.Pane kuyera XYZ zvakananga, vanoverengera marongero kubva panzvimbo inotenderera yejoini rega rega uye hurefu hunozivikanwa pakati pemajoini.

Imwe neimwe ine zvakanakira nezvayakaipira zvinoenderana nemhando dzezviyero zvinofanirwa kuitwa.Mhando idzi dzinoreva chimiro chemuchina unoshandiswa kuisa iwoprobemaererano nechikamu chiri kuyerwa.

Heino tafura inobatsira kuti unzwisise zvakanakira nezvayakaipira:

Maprobe anowanzo kuiswa mumativi matatu–X, Y, uye Z. Zvisineyi, michina yakaomarara inokwanisawo kubvumira kona yekuongorora kuti ichinje ichibvumira kuyerwa munzvimbo dzaisazokwanisa kusvika.Matafura eRotary anogona zvakare kushandiswa kuvandudza kugona-kugona kweakasiyana maficha.

MaCMM anowanzo gadzirwa negranite nealuminium, uye vanoshandisa mabhengi emhepo

Iyo probe ndiyo sensor inosarudza kuti chikamu chepamusoro chiri papi kana kuyerwa kwaitwa.

Mhando dzeprobe dzinosanganisira:

• Mechanical
• Optical
• Laser
• White Light

Coordinate Measurement Machines anoshandiswa munzira dzinenge nhatu dzakajairika:

• Quality Control Dhipatimendi: Heano iwo anowanzo chengetwa mumakamuri akachena anodzorwa nemamiriro ekunze kuti awedzere kurongeka kwawo.
• Shop Floor: Pano maCMM ari pasi pakati peCNC Machines kuti zvive nyore kuita ongororo sechikamu chesero rekugadzira rine hushoma hwekufamba pakati peCMM nemuchina uri kugadzirwa zvikamu.Izvi zvinobvumira kuyerwa kuti kuitwe kare uye kazhinji kazhinji izvo zvinotungamira kukuchengetedza sezvo zvikanganiso zvichionekwa nekukurumidza.
• Inotakurika: Inotakurika CMM's iri nyore kufamba-famba.Dzinogona kushandiswa paShop Floor kana kutoendesa kunzvimbo iri kure nenzvimbo yekugadzira kuyera zvikamu mumunda.

Yakarurama Sei CMM Machines (CMM Kururama)?

Kurongeka kweCoordinate Measurement Machines kunosiyana.Kazhinji, ivo vanovavarira kuita micrometer chaiyo kana zvirinani.Asi hazvisi nyore kudaro.Kune chimwe chinhu, pane kukanganisa kunogona kuita basa rehukuru, saka kukanganisa kwekuyera kweCMM kunogona kutsanangurwa sepfupi fomu inosanganisira hurefu hwechiyero sechinhu chinosiyana.

Semuyenzaniso, Hexagon's Global Classic CMM yakanyorwa seinokwanisika-chese-chinangwa CMM, uye inotsanangura huchokwadi hwayo se:

1.0 + L/300um

Izvo zviyero zviri mumamicrons uye L inotsanangurwa mumm.Saka ngatiti tiri kuyedza kuyera kureba kweiyo 10mm chimiro.Iyo formula yaizova 1.0 + 10/300 = 1.0 + 1/30 kana 1.03 microns.

Micron ichuru chemm, inova inenge 0.00003937 inches.Saka kukanganisa pakuyera kureba kwedu 10mm ndeye 0.00103 mm kana 0.00004055 inches.Ndiyo isingasviki hafu yechidimbu chegumi-chikanganiso chidiki kwazvo!

Kune rimwe divi, munhu anofanirwa kuve nehuchokwadi 10x zvatiri kuedza kuyera.Saka zvinoreva kuti kana tikangovimba nechiyero ichi kusvika 10x kukosha ikoko, kana 0.00005 inches.Kuchiri kukanganisa kudiki.

Zvinhu zvinotonyanya kuoma kune shopu pasi CMM zviyero.Kana iyo CMM ikaiswa mune tembiricha-inodzorwa yekuongorora lab, inobatsira zvakanyanya.Asi paShop Floor, tembiricha inogona kusiyana zvakanyanya.Pane nzira dzakasiyana siyana idzo CMM inogona kubhadhara kushanduka kwekushisa, asi hapana akakwana.

Vagadziri veCMM vanowanzo tsanangura kurongeka kwebhendi rekushisa, uye zvinoenderana neISO 10360-2 chiyero cheCMM kunyatsoita, bhendi rakajairwa i64-72F (18-22C).Izvo zvakanaka kunze kwekunge Shop Floor yako iri 86F muzhizha.Ipapo iwe hauna yakanaka spec yekukanganisa.

Vamwe vagadziri vanokupa seti yematanho kana tembiricha mabhendi ane akasiyana echokwadi specs.Asi chii chinoitika kana iwe uri mune anopfuura rimwe danho rekuita kwakafanana kwezvikamu panguva dzakasiyana dzezuva kana mazuva akasiyana evhiki?

Mumwe anotanga kugadzira bhajeti rekusava nechokwadi rinobvumira zviitiko zvakaipisisa.Kana izvo zvakaipisisa zviitiko zvichikonzera kushivirira kusingagamuchirwe kwezvikamu zvako, mamwe maitiro ekuchinja anodiwa:

• Iwe unogona kudzikamisa CMM kushandiswa kune dzimwe nguva dzezuva apo temps inowira mumhando dzakanaka.
• Iwe unogona kusarudza chete muchina wakaderera kushivirira zvikamu kana maficha pane dzimwe nguva dzezuva.
• Zvirinani maCMM anogona kunge aine zvirinani zvematembiricha ako.Vanogona kunge vakakosha kunyangwe vachigona kudhura zvakanyanya.

Ehe matanho aya anozokanganisa kugona kwako kuronga mabasa ako nemazvo.Kamwe kamwe iwe uri kufunga kuti zvirinani kutonga kwemamiriro ekunze paShop Floor inogona kuve yakakosha mari.

Iwe unogona kuona kuti chinhu ichi chese chechiyero chinosvika sei chakashongedzwa.

Chimwe chigadziro chinoenda pamwe chete ndechekuti kushivirira kunoongororwa neCMM kunotsanangurwa sei.Chiyero chegoridhe ndeyeGeometric Dimensioning uye Tolerancing (GD&T).Tarisa uone kosi yedu yekutanga paGD&T kuti udzidze zvakawanda.

CMM Software

CMM inomhanyisa mhando dzakasiyana dzesoftware.Iyo chiyero inodaidzwa kuti DMIS, inomiririra Dimensional Measurement Interface Standard.Kunyangwe isiri iyo huru software interface kune yega yega CMM mugadziri, mazhinji acho anongoitsigira.

Vagadziri vakagadzira yavo yakasarudzika maflavour kuti vawedzere kuyerwa mabasa asina kutsigirwa neDMIS.

DMIS

Sezvakataurwa DMIS, ndiyo chiyero, asi senge CNC's g-code, kune akawanda madimikira anosanganisira:

• PC-DMIS: Hexagon's version
• OpenDMIS
• TouchDMIS: Perceptron

MCOSMOS

MCOSTMOS ndeye Nikon's CMM software.

Calypso

Calypso iCMM software kubva kuZeiss.

CMM uye CAD/CAM Software

Ko CMM Software uye Programming inoenderana sei neCAD/CAM Software?

Kune akawanda akasiyana maCAD faira mafomati, saka tarisa kuti ndeapi CMM yako Software inoenderana nawo.Kubatanidzwa kwekupedzisira kunonzi Model Based Definition (MBD).NeMBD, modhi pachayo inogona kushandiswa kuburitsa zviyero zveCMM.

MDB yakanaka inotungamira mupendero, saka haisati yave kushandiswa mune mazhinji ezviitiko.

CMM Probes, Fixtures, uye Zvishandiso

CMM Inoongorora

Mhando dzakasiyana dzeprobe uye maumbirwo aripo kuti afambise akawanda akasiyana maapplication.

CMM Fixtures

Fixtures ese ari kuchengetedza nguva pakurodha uye kuburitsa zvikamu paCMM, senge pane CNC Machine.Iwe unogona kutotora maCMM ane otomatiki pallet loaders kuti uwedzere kubuda.

Mutengo weCMM Machine

New Coordinate Measuring Machines anotanga mumadhora zviuru makumi maviri kusvika kumadhora makumi matatu ezviuru uye anokwira kusvika pamadhora miriyoni imwe.

Mabasa Anoenderana neCMM muShopu yemuchina

CMM Maneja

CMM Programmer

CMM Operator