1. Yakakwana Kuonekwa Kwemhando Yekuongorora
Yakakwana yekutaridzika kwemhando yekuongorora inhanho yakakosha mukuunza uye kugamuchirwa kwezvinhu zvegranite. Multi-dimensional zviratidzo zvinofanirwa kusimbiswa kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti chigadzirwa chinosangana nezvinodiwa zvekugadzira uye mamiriro ekushandisa. Aya anotevera ekuongorora anotsanangurwa akapfupikiswa muzvikamu zvina zvakakosha: kutendeseka, kunaka kwepamusoro, saizi uye chimiro, uye kunyora uye kurongedza:
Kuvimbika Kuongorora
Zvikamu zvegranite zvinofanirwa kunyatsoongororwa kukuvara kwemuviri. Kukanganisa kunokanganisa kusimba kwemaitiro uye kuita, sekutsemuka kwepasi, kutsemuka mipendero nemakona, kusvibiswa kwakadzikwa, kuputsika, kana kukanganisa, zvinorambidzwa zvachose. Zvinoenderana nezvichangoburwa zvinodikanwa zveGB/T 18601-2024 "Natural Granite Building Boards," iyo inotenderwa nhamba yekukanganisa senge makatsemuka yakadzikiswa zvakanyanya kana ichienzaniswa neyakapfuura vhezheni yechiyero, uye zvisungo zvine chekuita nemavara emavara uye kukanganiswa kwemutsara wemavara mushanduro ya2009 zvakabviswa, zvichiwedzera kusimbisa hunhu hwekutonga. Kune akakosha-akaumbwa zvikamu, mamwe maumbirwo ekuvimbika anoongororwa anodiwa mushure mekugadzirisa kudzivirira kukuvadzwa kwakavanzika kunokonzerwa nemhando dzakaoma. Makiyi Matanho: GB/T 20428-2006 "Rock Leveler" inotaura zvakajeka kuti nzvimbo yekushanda uye mativi eyerevha inofanirwa kunge isina hurema hwakaita sepakatsemuka, dents, kusununguka mameseji, mavanga ekupfeka, kutsva, uye mabrasions ayo anogona kukanganisa zvakanyanya chitarisiko nekuita.
Surface Quality
Kuyedzwa kwemhando yepamusoro kunofanirwa kufunga kutsetseka, kupenya, uye kuwirirana kwemavara:
Kukasharara Kwepamusoro: Kuti uite zvemainjiniya chaiwo maapplication, kushata kwepamusoro kunofanirwa kusangana neRa ≤ 0.63μm. Kune general applications, izvi zvinogona kuwanikwa maererano nekondirakiti. Mamwe makambani epamusoro-soro ekugadzirisa, akadai seSishui County Huayi Stone Craft Factory, anogona kuwana kupedzisa kwepamusoro kweRa ≤ 0.8μm achishandisa simbi yekukuya uye yekupukuta.
Gloss: Mirrored surfaces (JM) inofanira kusangana ne specular gloss ye ≥ 80GU (ASTM C584 standard), yakayerwa uchishandisa girasi mita yehunyanzvi pasi pezviyero zvakajairika. Kudzora musiyano weruvara: Izvi zvinofanirwa kuitwa munzvimbo isina zuva rakananga. Iyo "standard plate layout method" inogona kushandiswa: mapuranga kubva mubatch imwechete akaiswa pasi mumusangano wekugadzirisa, uye kuchinja kwemavara uye zviyo zvinogadziriswa kuti zvive nechokwadi chekuenderana. Kune zvigadzirwa zvine chimiro chakasarudzika, kudzora musiyano wemavara kunoda matanho mana: matenderedzwa maviri ezvakaomarara kusarudzwa pamugodhi uye fekitori, mvura-yakavakirwa marongero uye kugadzirisa kwemavara mushure mekucheka nekupatsanura, uye yechipiri dhizaini nekugadzirisa zvakanaka mushure mekukuya nekupukuta. Mamwe makambani anogona kuwana mutsauko wemuvara kurongeka kweΔE ≤ 1.5.
Dimensional uye Form Kururama
Musanganiswa we "chaiyo maturusi + akajairwa yakatarwa" inoshandiswa kuve nechokwadi chekuti dimensional uye geometric kushivirira kunosangana nezvinodiwa zvekugadzira:
Kuyera Zvishandiso: Shandisa zviridzwa zvakadai severnier calipers (kunyatso ≥ 0.02mm), micrometers (kunyatso ≥ 0.001mm), uye laser interferometers. Laser interferometers inofanira kutevedzera kuyerwa zviyero zvakadai JJG 739-2005 uye JB/T 5610-2006. Kuongorora kweFlatness: Maererano neGB/T 11337-2004 "Flatness Error Detection," flatness kukanganisa kunoyerwa uchishandisa laser interferometer. Nekunyatso kunyorera, kushivirira kunofanirwa kunge kuri ≤0.02mm/m (mukuteerana neKirasi 00 chaiyo inotsanangurwa muGB/T 20428-2006). Mapepa akajairika akaiswa muchikamu negiredhi, semuenzaniso, kushivirira kwehunyoro-kupedzwa-kupedzwa kwepepa zvinhu ndeye ≤0.80mm yeGiredhi A, ≤1.00mm yeGiredhi B, uye ≤1.50mm yeGiredhi C.
Hukobvu Kushivirira: Kune rough-yakapedzwa mapepa zvinhu, kushivirira kweukobvu (H) kunodzorwa kuve: ± 0.5mm yeGiredhi A, ± 1.0mm yeGiredhi B, uye ± 1.5mm yeGiredhi C, yeH ≤12mm. Zvizere otomatiki CNC yekucheka michina inogona kuchengetedza dimensional kushivirira kwe ≤0.5mm.
Kumaka uye Packaging
Kumaka Zvinodiwa: Nzvimbo dzechikamu dzinofanirwa kuve dzakajeka uye dzakasimba kunyorwa neruzivo senge modhi, yakatarwa, batch nhamba, uye zuva rekugadzira. Special-shaped zvikamu zvinofanirwawo kusanganisira nhamba yekugadzirisa kuti ifambise kuteedzera uye kuisirwa kuenzanirana. Packaging Zvinotsanangurwa: Kurongedza kunofanirwa kuenderana neGB/T 191 "Kurongedza, Kuchengeta, uye Kutakura Pictorial Kumaka." Zviratidzo zvinodzivirira hunyoro uye zvinodzivirira kuvhundutsa zvinofanirwa kunamirwa, uye matanho matatu ekudzivirira anofanira kuitwa: ① Zora mafuta anodzivirira ngura pakubata nzvimbo; ② Putira neEPE furo; ③ Chengetedza nepuranga rehuni, uye isa anti-slip pads pazasi pe pallet kudzivirira kufamba panguva yekufambisa. Pazvinhu zvakaunganidzwa, zvinofanirwa kurongedzerwa zvinoenderana nedhiyagiramu yenhamba yekutevedzana kudzivirira kuvhiringika panguva yekusangana panzvimbo.
Nzira Dzinoshanda dzeKudzora Difference Kudzora: Zvishandiso zvevhavha zvinosarudzwa uchishandisa "matanhatu-mativi nzira yekupfapfaidza mvura." Chipfapfaidzo chemvura chakazvitsaurira chinopfapfaidza mvura pablock surface. Mushure mekuomeswa neanogara achitsikirira, bhuroko rinotariswa zviyo, kusiyana kwemavara, tsvina, uye humwe hurema huchiri kuoma zvishoma. Iyi nzira inonyatso ratidza yakavanzika mavara akasiyana pane echinyakare yekuona kuongorora.
2. Scientific Testing yePhysical Properties
Sainzi kuyedzwa kwezvivakwa zvemuviri chinhu chakakosha chegranite chikamu chekutonga kwemhando. Kuburikidza nekuyedzwa kwakarongeka kwezviratidzo zvakakosha senge kuoma, density, kugadzikana kwemafuta, uye kuramba kudzikisira, tinogona kunyatsoongorora zvinhu zvemukati zvivakwa uye kuvimbika kwesevhisi kwenguva refu. Izvi zvinotevera zvinotsanangura nzira dzesainzi dzekuedza uye zvinodiwa zvehunyanzvi kubva pamativi mana.
Hardness Testing
Kuomarara chiratidzo chepakati chekupokana kwegranite kune mechanic kupfeka uye kukwenya, ichitarisa zvakananga hupenyu hwesevhisi yechikamu. Kuoma kweMohs kunoratidza kusamira kwechinhu pamusoro pekukwenya, ukuwo kuomarara kweShore kunoratidza kuomarara kwayo pasi pemitoro ine simba. Pamwe chete, vanoumba hwaro hwekuongorora kupfeka kuramba.
Kuedza Zvishandiso: Mohs Hardness Tester (Scratch Method), Shore Hardness Tester (Rebound Method)
Implementation Standard: GB/T 20428-2006 "Nzira dzekuedza dzeMatombo Akasikwa - Shore Hardness Test"
Kugamuchira Chikumbaridzo: Mohs Kuoma ≥ 6, Shore Hardness ≥ HS70
Correlation Tsanangudzo: Kuomarara kukosha kwakabatana zvakanaka nekupfeka kuramba. Kuomarara kweMohs ye6 kana kukwira kunovimbisa kuti chikamu chepamusoro chinoshingirira kukwenya kubva mukukweshana kwemazuva ese, ukuwo kuomarara kweShore kunosangana neyakajairwa kunovimbisa kurongeka kwechimiro pasi pemitoro inorema. Density uye Mvura Absorption Test
Density uye kunyudzwa kwemvura ndiwo akakosha ma paramita ekuongorora kusimba kwegranite uye kuramba kupinda. High-density zvinhu zvinowanzova neakaderera porosity. Kunyura kwemvura yakaderera kunonyatso kuvharira kupindira kwehunyoro uye corrosive media, zvakanyanya kuvandudza kusimba.
Kuedza Zvishandiso: Yemagetsi chiyero, vacuum yekuomesa oveni, density mita
Implementation Standard: GB/T 9966.3 "Nzira dzeMatombo eMatombo Echisikirwo - Chikamu 3: Kunyura kweMvura, Kuwanda Kwemvura, Kuwanda Kwechokwadi, uye Yechokwadi Porosity Miedzo"
Qualifying Threshold: Bulk density ≥ 2.55 g/cm³, kutorwa kwemvura ≤ 0.6%
Durability Impact: Kana density ≥ 2.55 g/cm³ uye kunyudzwa kwemvura ≤ 0.6%, kuramba kwedombo kunyunguduka uye kunaya kwemunyu kunowedzerwa zvakanyanya, zvichideredza njodzi yekukanganisa kwakabatana senge kongiri carbonization uye simbi corrosion.
Thermal Kugadzikana Muedzo
Iyo thermal kugadzikana bvunzo inotevedzera yakanyanyisa kushanduka kwekushisa kuti uongorore kugadzikana kwedimensional uye kutsemuka kuramba kwezvikamu zvegranite pasi pekushushikana kwekupisa. Thermal yekuwedzera coefficient ndiyo yakakosha yekuongorora metric. Testing Instruments: Yakakwira uye Yakadzika Temperature Cycling Chamber, Laser Interferometer
Test Method: gumi kutenderera tembiricha kubva -40 ° C kusvika 80 ° C, imwe neimwe kutenderera inobatwa kwemaawa maviri.
Reference Indicator: Thermal Kuwedzera Coefficient inodzorwa mukati me5.5×10⁻⁶/K ± 0.5
Kukosha Kwehunyanzvi: Iyi coefficient inodzivirira kukura kwe microcrack nekuda kwekuwanda kwekushushikana kwekupisa muzvikamu zvakafumurwa kushanduka kwetembiricha yemwaka kana kushanduka kwekushisa kwe diurnal, zvichiita kuti inyanyokodzera kuratidzwa kwekunze kana kwepamusoro-tembiricha inoshanda nharaunda.
Frost Resistance uye Munyu Crystallization Muedzo: Uku kuramba kwechando uye munyu crystallization bvunzo inoongorora kuramba kwedombo pakudzikira kubva kuchando-nyoro kutenderera uye crystallization yemunyu, yakanyatsogadzirirwa kushandiswa munzvimbo dzinotonhora uye saline-alkali. Frost Resistance Test (EN 1469):
Sample Condition: Matombo ekuenzanisa akazadzwa nemvura
Kuchovha bhasikoro: Kuomesa pa -15 ° C kwemaawa mana, wozonyunguduka mu 20 ° C mvura ye48 cycles, inokwana 48 cycles.
Chimiro Chekufanirwa: Kurasikirwa kukuru ≤ 0.5%, flexural simba kuderedza ≤ 20%
Muedzo wemunyu Crystallization (EN 12370):
Inoshanda Mamiriro ezvinhu: Dombo rine porous rine mwero wekutora mvura wakakura kupfuura 3%
Test Maitirwo: gumi nemashanu kutenderera kwekunyudzwa mune gumi% Na₂SO₄ mhinduro inoteverwa nekuomesa.
Yekuongorora Criteria: Hapana kupeuka kana kutsemuka, hapana microscopic kukuvara kwemaitiro
Yekuyedza Musanganiswa Strategy: Kunzvimbo dzinotonhora dzemahombekombe dzine mhute yemunyu, zvese zviri zviviri kutonhora-kunyunguduka kutenderera uye munyu crystallization kuyedzwa kunodiwa. Kune nzvimbo dzakaoma dzemukati menyika, chete chando chekudzivirira bvunzo chinogona kuitwa, asi ibwe rine mwero wekunyudzwa kwemvura wakakura kupfuura 3% unofanirwawo kuongororwa munyu crystallization.
3, Kutevedzera uye Standard Certification
Iko kutevedza uye chiyero chisimbiso chezvikamu zvegranite inhanho yakakosha mukuve nechokwadi chemhando yechigadzirwa, kuchengetedzeka, uye kuwanikwa kwemusika. Vanofanira panguva imwe chete kusangana nezvinodiwa zvepamba, mirau yemusika wepasi rose, uye indasitiri yemhando manejimendi masisitimu. Izvi zvinotevera zvinotsanangura izvi zvinodiwa kubva pamaonero matatu: iyo yepamba chiyero system, chiyero chepasi rose, uye chekuchengetedza certification system.
Domestic Standard System
Kugadzirwa uye kugamuchirwa kwezvikamu zvegranite muChina kunofanirwa kunyatso kuomerera kune maviri akakosha zviyero: GB/T 18601-2024 "Natural Granite Kuvaka Mabhodhi" uye GB 6566 "Miganhu yeRadionuclides muZvishandiso zvekuvaka." GB/T 18601-2024, yazvino chiyero chenyika chinotsiva GB/T 18601-2009, chinoshanda pakugadzira, kugovera, uye kugamuchirwa kwemapanera anoshandiswa mukugadzira mapurojekiti ekushongedza achishandisa nzira yekunamatira yekubatanidza. Zvigadziriso zvakakosha zvinosanganisira:
Yakakwenenzverwa inoshanda kupatsanurwa: Mhando dzechigadzirwa dzakaiswa muzvikamu zvakajeka nemamiriro ekushandisa, kurongeka kwemapanera akakomberedzwa kwabviswa, uye kuenderana nemaitiro ekuvaka kwakagadziridzwa;
Kuvandudzwa kwekuita zvinodiwa: Zviratidzo zvakadai sekudzivirira kwechando, kupikisa kukanganisa, uye anti-slip coefficient (≥0.5) yakawedzerwa, uye nzira dzekuongorora dombo nemaminerari dzakabviswa, dzichitarisa zvakanyanya pakushanda kweinjiniya;
Madimikira ekuyedzwa akakwenenzverwa: Vagadziri, makambani ekuvaka, uye masangano ekuyedza anopiwa nzira dzakabatana dzekuyedza uye maitiro ekuongorora.
Nezve kuchengetedzwa kweradioactive, GB 6566 inorayira kuti zvikamu zvegranite zvine mukati mukati memwaranzi index (IRa) ≤ 1.0 uye kunze kwemwaranzi index (Iγ) ≤ 1.3, kuve nechokwadi chekuti zvivakwa zvekuvaka hazvikonzeri njodzi dzinotyisa kuhutano hwevanhu. Kuenderana neInternational Standards
Zvikamu zvegranite zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika zvinofanirwa kusangana nezviyero zvedunhu zvemusika unotangwa. ASTM C1528/C1528M-20e1 uye EN 1469 ndiyo miitiro mikuru yemisika yeNorth America neEU, zvichiteerana.
ASTM C1528/C1528M-20e1 (American Society for Testing and Materials standard): Kushanda segwaro rekubvumirana kweindasitiri pakusarudza dombo, rinonongedza akati wandei ane hukama, kusanganisira ASTM C119 (Standard Specification for Dimension Stone) uye ASTM C170 (Compressive Strength Testing). Izvi zvinopa vagadziri vezvivakwa uye makondirakiti ane yakazara tekinoroji dhizaini kubva pakugadzira dhizaini kusvika kumisikidzwa uye kugamuchirwa, ichisimbisa kuti dombo rekunyorera rinofanira kuenderana nekodhi yekuvaka yenzvimbo.
EN 1469 (EU yakajairwa): Kune zvigadzirwa zvematombo zvinotumirwa kuEU, chiyero ichi chinoshanda sechinhu chinosungirwa cheEC certification, chinoda kuti zvigadzirwa zvimakwe zvachose nenhamba yakajairwa, giredhi rekuita (semuenzaniso, A1 yepasi rekunze), nyika yekwakabva, uye ruzivo rwemugadziri. Ongororo yazvino uno inosimbisa kuyedzwa kwezvivakwa zvemuviri, kusanganisira kuchinjika simba ≥8MPa, kumanikidza simba ≥50MPa, uye chando kuramba. Izvo zvinodawo kuti vagadziri vamise fekitori yekugadzira dhizaini (FPC) system inovhara ongororo yezvinhu, kugadzirwa kwemaitiro ekutarisa, uye yapera chigadzirwa chekuongorora.
Safety Certification System
Setifiketi yekuchengetedza yezvikamu zvegranite inosiyaniswa zvichienderana nemamiriro ekushandisa, kunyanya inosanganisira chikafu chekuchengetedza chitupa uye chitupa chehutongi hwemhando.
Chikafu chekubata maapplication: FDA certification inodiwa, yakatarisana nekuyedza kutama kwemakemikari kwedombo panguva yekubata chikafu kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti kuburitswa kwesimbi inorema uye zvinhu zvine njodzi zvinosangana nekuchengetedza chikafu.
General Quality Management: ISO 9001 quality management system certification chinhu chakakosha cheindasitiri chinodiwa. Makambani akadai seJiaxiang Xulei Dombo uye Jinchao Dombo vakawana chitupa ichi, vachimisikidza yakazara mhando yekudzora maitiro kubva pakucherwa kwezvinhu zvakaomarara kusvika pakugamuchirwa kwechigadzirwa. Mienzaniso yakajairika inosanganisira nhanho makumi maviri nesere dzekutarisa nhanho dzakaitwa muNyika Garden purojekiti, inovhara zvakakosha zviratidzo senge dimensional kurongeka, kupfava kwepasi, uye radioactivity. Mapepa etifiketi anofanirwa kusanganisira yechitatu-bato bvunzo mishumo (seye radioactivity kuyedzwa uye yemuviri kuyedza zvivakwa) uye fekitori yekudzora marekodhi (seFPC system yekushanda matanda uye raw material traceability zvinyorwa), kumisikidza yakakwana yemhando yekuteedzera cheni.
Mazano Akakosha Ekutevedza
Kutengeswa kwemumba kunofanirwa panguva imwe chete kusangana nezvinodiwa zveGB/T 18601-2024 uye miganhu yeradioactivity yeGB 6566;
Zvigadzirwa zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika kuEU zvinofanirwa kuve EN 1469 Certified uye zvine CE mucherechedzo uye A1 performance rating;
ISO 9001-yakasimbiswa makambani anofanirwa kuchengetedza angangoita makore matatu ekugadzira ekudzora marekodhi uye bvunzo mishumo yekuongorora kwekutonga.
Kuburikidza nekushandiswa kwakabatanidzwa kweakawanda-dimensional standard system, zvikamu zvegranite zvinogona kuwana hutongi hwemhando mukati mehupenyu hwavo hwese, kubva pakugadzira kusvika pakuendesa, uku uchisangana nezvinodiwa zvekuteedzera zvemisika yepamba neyekunze.
4. Yakarongeka Yekugamuchira Gwaro Rokutarisira
Yakamisikidzwa yekugamuchirwa gwaro manejimendi ndiyo musimboti wekudzora chiyero chekuunza uye kugamuchirwa kwezvinhu zvegranite. Kuburikidza nehurongwa hwekunyora zvinyorwa, cheni yekuteedzera yemhando inomiswa kuti ive nechokwadi chekuteedzera uye kutevedza mukati mechikamu chehupenyu hwese. Iyi manejimendi sisitimu inonyanya kusanganisa matatu epakati mamodule: emhando certification magwaro, kutumira uye kurongedza rondedzero, uye mishumo yekugamuchira. Imwe neimwe module inofanirwa kunyatso kuomerera kune yenyika zviyero uye maindasitiri maratidziro kuumba yakavharwa-loop manejimendi system.
Quality Certification Zvinyorwa: Kutevedzera uye Kutendesa Verification
Mapepa etifiketi emhando ndiyo humbowo hwekutanga hwekuteerera kwechikamu uye hunofanirwa kunge hwakakwana, hwakarurama, uye hunoenderana nemitemo yemutemo. The core document list inosanganisira:
Material Certification: Izvi zvinovhara ruzivo rwekutanga senge kwakabva zvinhu zvakakasharara, zuva remigodhi, uye kuumbwa kwemamineral. Inofanirwa kuenderana nenhamba yechinhu chaicho kuti ive nechokwadi chekutevera. Zvinhu zvakakasharara zvisati zvabuda mumugodhi, kuongororwa kwemugodhi kunofanirwa kupedzwa, kunyora kutevedzana kwemigodhi uye mamiriro ekutanga emhando yekupa bhenji yemhando inotevera yekugadziriswa. Yechitatu-bato bvunzo mishumo inofanirwa kusanganisira zvimiro zvemuviri (senge density uye kunyudzwa kwemvura), michina zvimiro (kumanikidza simba uye kushanduka simba), uye radioactivity kuyedzwa. Sangano rekuyedza rinofanirwa kuve CMA-inokwanisa (semuenzaniso, sangano rine mukurumbira seBeijing Inspection uye Quarantine Institute). Iyo chiyero cheyedzo nhamba inofanirwa kuratidzwa zvakajeka mumushumo, semuenzaniso, iyo inomanikidza simba bvunzo inobuda muGB/T 9966.1, "Nzira dzekuedza dzeMatombo Akasikwa - Chikamu 1: Miedzo Yekumanikidza Yekusimba Mushure mekuoma, Kuzara kweMvura, uye Mahara-Thaw Cycles." Kuongororwa kweRadioactivity kunofanirwa kuenderana nezvinodiwa zveGB 6566, "Miganhu yeRadionuclides muZvishandiso zvekuvaka."
Special Certification Zvinyorwa: Zvigadzirwa zvekunze zvinofanirwa kupa CE yekumaka zvinyorwa, zvinosanganisira mushumo webvunzo uye Declaration of Performance yemugadziri (DoP) yakapihwa neboka rakaziviswa. Zvigadzirwa zvinosanganisira System 3 zvinofanirwa kuendesawo chitupa cheFactory Production Control (FPC) kuti ive nechokwadi chekutevedzera zvinodiwa zvezvigadzirwa zvematombo echisikigo muEU zviyero seEN 1469.
Zvinodikanwa Zvinokosha: Mapepa ese anofanirwa kudhindwa nechisimbiso chepamutemo uye chisimbiso chepakati chesangano rekuyedza. Makopi anofanirwa kunyorwa "yakafanana neyekutanga" uye akasainwa nekusimbiswa nemutengesi. Iyo nguva yechokwadi yegwaro inofanirwa kupfuura zuva rekutumirwa kudzivirira kushandisa bvunzo dzakapera nguva. Mazita ekutumira uye Rokurongedza Rondedzero: Yakanyatso Kudzora yeLogistics
Rondedzero dzekutumira uye rondedzero yekurongedza imota dzakakosha dzinobatanidza kuodha zvinodiwa nekutakura kwemuviri, zvinoda matatu-nhanho yekusimbisa maitiro kuti ive nechokwadi chekutumira. Iyo chaiyo process inosanganisira:
Unique Identification System: Chikamu chega chega chinofanirwa kunyorwa zvachose neicho chakasarudzika, ingave QR kodhi kana barcode (laser etching inokurudzirwa kudzivirira kupfeka). Ichi chiziviso chinosanganisira ruzivo rwakadai sechikamu modhi, nhamba yeodha, batch yekugadzirisa, uye inspector yemhando. Pakushata kwezvinhu, zvikamu zvinofanirwa kuverengerwa zvichienderana nehurongwa hwavakacherwa uye kucherechedzwa nependi isingadziviriri pakushambidza kumativi ese. Kutakura uye kurodha uye kuburitsa maitiro anofanirwa kuitwa muhurongwa hwavakacherwa kudzivirira kusanganiswa kwezvinhu.
Matatu-Level Verification process: Yekutanga nhanho yekusimbisa (kurongeka vs. rondedzero) inosimbisa kuti kodhi yezvinhu, zvakatemwa, uye huwandu murunyorwa zvinoenderana nechibvumirano chekutenga; chechipiri nhanho yekusimbisa (rondedzero vs. kurongedza) inosimbisa kuti bhokisi rekurongedza rebhokisi rinoenderana neyakasarudzika identifier murondedzero; uye chikamu chechitatu chekuongorora (kurongedza vs. chaicho chigadzirwa) chinoda kusunungura uye cheki chemavara, kuenzanisa iyo chaiyo yezvigadzirwa parameters nedata data nekuongorora QR code / barcode. Packaging zvirevo zvinofanirwa kuenderana nekumaka, kurongedza, chekufambisa, uye kuchengetedza zvinodiwa zveGB/T 18601-2024, "Natural Granite Building Boards." Ita shuwa kuti kusimba kwechinhu chekuputira kwakakodzera kurema kwechikamu uye kudzivirira kukanganisa kumakona panguva yekufambisa.
Chirevo cheKugamuchira: Simbiso Yemibairo uye Delineation yeMitoro
Chirevo chekugamuchira ndiro gwaro rekupedzisira rekugamuchirwa. Inofanirwa kunyora zvizere maitiro ekuyedza uye mhedzisiro, inosangana nezvinodiwa zvekuteedzera zveiyo ISO 9001 mhando manejimendi system. Core report zvirimo zvinosanganisira:
Test Data Record: Yakadzama yemuviri uye mechanicha yekuyedza midziyo (semuenzaniso, flatness kukanganisa ≤ 0.02 mm/m, kuomarara ≥ 80 HSD), geometric dimensional deviations (kureba/hupamhi/hukobvu kushivirira ± 0.5 mm), uye machati akasungirirwa ekutanga kuyerwa data kubva kune chaiyo dhizaini kusvika kune matatu madhizaini edhisimendi uye retain glomendi yemamita. nzvimbo). Iyo nharaunda yekuyedza inofanirwa kudzorwa zvakanyanya, ine tembiricha ye20 ± 2 ° C uye hunyoro hwe40% -60% kudzivirira zvakatipoteredza kuti zvikanganise kuyerwa kwechiyero. Non-conformity Kubata: Kune zvinhu zvinodarika zvakajairwa zvinodiwa (semuenzaniso, kukwenya kwepamusoro> 0.2mm), nzvimbo yakakanganisika uye chiyero chinofanira kutsanangurwa zvakajeka, pamwe chete nehurongwa hwekuita hwakakodzera (kugadzirisa, kudzikisa, kana kukwenya). Mutengesi anofanira kuendesa chibvumirano chekugadzirisa chakanyorwa mukati meawa 48.
Siginecha uye Kuchengetwa Kwekuchengetedza: Chirevo chinofanirwa kusainwa uye kudhindwa nevamiriri vanogamuchira vevose mutengesi uye mutengi, zvichinyatsoratidza zuva rekugamuchira uye mhedziso (inokodzera / yakamirira / yakarambwa). Zvakare zvinosanganisirwa mudura zvinofanirwa kunge zviri zvitupa zvecalibration zvematurusi ekuyedza (semuenzaniso, iyo yekuyeresa chirevo chechokwadi pasi peJJG 117-2013 "Granite Slab Calibration Specification") uye marekodhi e "kuongorora kutatu" (kuzviongorora wega, kuongorora pamwe chete, uye kunyatsoongorora kwemhando yekuvaka, fomu rekodhi rekodhi).
Traceability: Nhamba yeshumo inofanira kushandisa fomati ye "project code + year + serial number" uye yakabatanidzwa kune yakasarudzika identifier. Bidirectional traceability pakati pezvinyorwa zvemagetsi uye zvemuviri zvinowanikwa kuburikidza neERP system, uye mushumo unofanirwa kuchengetwa kweanenge makore mashanu (kana kureba sezvakabvumiranwa muchibvumirano). Kuburikidza neiyo yakamisikidzwa manejimendi yeaya ataurwa pamusoro pegwaro system, kunaka kwese kwemaitiro e granite zvikamu kubva kune yakabikwa kusvika pakutumirwa kunogona kudzorwa, ichipa yakavimbika data rutsigiro rwekutevera kuisirwa, kuvaka uye mushure mekutengesa-kugadzirisa.
5. Chirongwa Chekufambisa uye Kudzora Njodzi
Zvikamu zvegranite zvine brittle zvakanyanya uye zvinoda kurongeka kwakasimba, saka kufambisa kwavo kunoda dhizaini yakarongeka uye hurongwa hwekudzora njodzi. Kubatanidza maindasitiri maitiro uye zviyero, chirongwa chekufambisa chinofanirwa kurongeka mumativi matatu: yekufambisa modhi inogadziriswa, kushandiswa kwetekinoroji yekudzivirira, uye nzira dzekutamisa njodzi, kuve nechokwadi chekuenderana kwehutongi hwemhando kubva pakuendesa fekitori kusvika pakugamuchirwa.
Scenario-Based Sarudzo uye Pre-Verification yeZvifambiso Nzira
Gadziriro dzekufambisa dzinofanirwa kuvandudzwa zvichienderana nedaro, chikamu chemaitiro, uye zvinodiwa zveprojekiti. Nekufambisa kwekufamba kwenguva pfupi (kazhinji ≤300 km), kutakura kwemugwagwa kunosarudzwa, sezvo kushanduka kwayo kunobvumira kuendeswa kweimba neimba uye kuderedza kurasikirwa kwekufambisa. Zvekutakura nzendo refu (> 300 km), kutakura njanji kunofarirwa, zvichisimudzira kugadzikana kwayo kudzikamisa kukanganiswa kwekurebesa kureba. Kune kunze kwenyika, kutakura kukuru kwakakosha, kuve nechokwadi chekuteedzera mitemo yepasirese yekutakura zvinhu. Zvisinei nemaitiro anoshandiswa, pre-kurongedza kuyedzwa kunofanirwa kuitwa pamberi pekufambisa kuti uone kushanda kwemhinduro yekurongedza, kutevedzera 30 km / h kukanganisa kuve nechokwadi chekukuvara kwechimiro kune izvo zvikamu. Kuronga nzira kunofanirwa kushandisa hurongwa hweGIS kudzivirira nzvimbo nhatu dzine njodzi huru: macurves anoramba aine materu anopfuura 8°, nzvimbo dzisina kugadzikana dze geologically ine nhoroondo yekudengenyeka kwenyika ≥6, uye nzvimbo dzine chinyorwa chezviitiko zvekunze zvakanyanya (sechamupupuri nechando chakanyanya) mumakore matatu apfuura. Izvi zvinoderedza njodzi dzekunze dzezvakatipoteredza panzvimbo yenzira.
Izvo zvakakosha kuti uzive kuti nepo GB/T 18601-2024 ichipa zvakajairwa zvinodiwa zve "kutakura uye kuchengetedza" kwegranite slabs, haitsananguri akadzama zvirongwa zvekufambisa. Naizvozvo, mukushanda chaiko, zvekuwedzera tekinoroji zvirevo zvinofanirwa kuwedzerwa zvichibva pane chikamu chechokwadi chechikamu. Semuenzaniso, yeKirasi 000 yakakwirira-chaiyo giraniti mapuratifomu, tembiricha uye humidity kuchinjika kunofanirwa kutariswa mukati mekutakura (nekudzora huwandu hwe20 ± 2 ° C uye hunyoro hwe50% ± 5%) kudzivirira shanduko yezvakatipoteredza kubva pakuburitsa kushushikana kwemukati uye kukonzera kutsauka kwechokwadi.
Matatu-Layer Dziviriro System uye Operating Specification
Zvichienderana nehunhu hwezvinhu zvegranite, matanho ekudzivirira anofanirwa kubatanidza matatu-layered "buffering-fixing-isolation" maitiro, achinyatso kuomerera kune ASTM C1528 seismic kuchengetedza mwero. Iyo yemukati inodzivirira layer yakaputirwa zvizere ne 20 mm gobvu pearl foam, ine tarisiro yekutenderedza makona ezvikamu kudzivirira mapikisi akapinza kubva pakuboora kunze kwekurongedza. Iyo yepakati inodzivirira layer yakazadzwa neEPS furo mabhodhi ane density ye ≥30 kg/m³, iyo inotora yekufambisa vibration simba kuburikidza ne deformation. Mukana uri pakati pefuro uye chikamu chepamusoro unofanirwa kudzorwa kusvika ≤5 mm kudzivirira kutama uye kukakavara panguva yekufambisa. Iyo yekunze inodzivirira yekudzivirira inochengetedzwa neiyo yakasimba yehuni furemu (zvichida pine kana fir) ine muchinjikwa-chikamu chepasi pasi pe50 mm × 80 mm. Metal mabhureki uye mabhaudhi anovimbisa kugadzirisa kwakasimba kudzivirira kufamba kwehukama kwezvikamu mukati mefuremu.
Panyaya yekushanda, nheyo ye "kubata nekuchenjerera" inofanira kunyatsotevedzwa. Kurodha uye kurodha maturusi anofanirwa kuve akashongedzerwa nemacushion erubha, nhamba yezvikamu zvakasimudzwa panguva imwe haifanire kudarika maviri, uye kureba kwekukwira kunofanirwa kunge kuri ≤1.5 m kudzivirira kudzvinyirira kunorema kunogona kukonzera microcracks muzvikamu. Zvinokodzera zvikamu zvinotarisana nekuchengetedzwa kwepamusoro kusati kwatumirwa: kupfapfaidza ne silane inodzivirira agent (kudzika kwemukati ≥2 mm) uye kuvhara ne PE inodzivirira firimu kudzivirira mafuta, guruva, uye mvura inonaya mvura panguva yekufambisa. Kudzivirira Key Control Points
Kudzivirirwa Kwemakona: Nzvimbo dzese dzakakwenenzverwa kurudyi dzinofanirwa kunge dzakaiswa 5mm gobvu dzemakona dziviriro uye dzakachengetedzwa nenaironi tambo dzetambo.
Kusimba Kwesimba: Mafuremu emapuranga anofanirwa kupfuudza static pressure test ye1.2 times the rated load kuona deformation.
Tembiricha uye Humidity Labeling: Tembiricha uye humidity chiratidzo kadhi (kusiyana -20 ° C kusvika 60 ° C, 0% kusvika 100% RH) inofanira kunamirwa kunze kwepakiti kutarisa shanduko yezvakatipoteredza munguva chaiyo.
Kuendesa Njodzi uye Yakazara-Maitiro Ekutarisa Mechanism
Kuti ugadzirise njodzi dzisingatarisirwi, mbiri mbiri yekudzivirira uye yekudzora system inosanganisa "inishuwarenzi + yekutarisa" inodiwa. Comprehensive freight insurance inofanira kusarudzwa nehuwandu hwekuvhara kwete pasi pe110% yehukoshi chaihwo hwemutoro. Kuvhara kwepakati kunosanganisira: kukuvadzwa kwemuviri kunokonzerwa nekudhumhana kana kuputika kwemotokari yekutakura; kukuvadzwa kwemvura kunokonzerwa nemvura yakawanda kana mafashamo; njodzi dzakadai semoto uye kuputika panguva yekufambisa; uye madonhwe etsaona panguva yekurodha nekuburitsa. Kune zvemhando yepamusoro-chaiyo zvikamu (zvine mutengo unodarika 500,000 yuan paseti), tinokurudzira kuwedzera SGS yekufambisa masevhisi ekutarisa. Iyi sevhisi inoshandisa chaiyo-nguva GPS chinzvimbo (chaiyo ≤ 10 m) uye tembiricha uye humidity sensors (data sampling interval maminetsi gumi nemashanu) kugadzira ledger yemagetsi. Mamiriro asina kujairika anokonzeresa chenjedzo, achigonesa kutarisisa kwekuona mukati mese maitiro ekufambisa.
Iyo tiered yekuongorora uye yekuzvidavirira sisitimu inofanirwa kugadzikwa padanho rekutungamira: Pamberi pekufambisa, dhipatimendi rekuongorora mhando rinoona kuvimbika kwekurongedza uye kusaina "Chekufambisa Kuburitswa Chiziviso." Panguva yekufambisa, vashandi vekuperekedza vanozoita ongororo yekuona kwemaawa maviri ega ega uye kurekodha kuongorora. Pakusvika, mugamuchiri anofanira kubva aburitsa uye oongorora zvinhu. Chero kukuvara kwakadai sekutsemuka kana makona akachekwa kunofanirwa kurambwa, kubvisa "kushandisa kutanga, kugadzirisa gare gare" pfungwa. Kuburikidza neatatu-dimensional yekudzivirira uye yekudzora sisitimu inosanganisa "tekinoroji kudzivirira + inishuwarenzi kutamisa + manejimendi kuzvidavirira," iyo yekutakura inotakura kukuvara mwero inogona kuchengetwa pazasi 0.3%, yakaderera zvakanyanya pane yeindasitiri avhareji ye1.2%. Zvinonyanya kukosha kusimbisa kuti musimboti we "kunyatso kudzivirira kudhumhana" unofanirwa kutevedzwa mukati mese pese pekufambisa uye kurodha nekuburitsa. Ese ari maviri mabhuroko akakasharara uye akapedzwa zvikamu zvinofanirwa kurongedzerwa nenzira yakarongeka zvichienderana nechikamu uye maratidziro, nehurefu hwekureba husingapfuure matatu akaturikidzana. Zvikamu zvehuni zvinofanira kushandiswa pakati pematanho kudzivirira kusvibiswa kubva mukukweshana. Ichi chinodiwa chinozadzisa izvo zvakatemerwa zviga zve "kutakura uye kuchengetedza" muGB/T 18601-2024, uye pamwe chete vanoumba hwaro hwekusimbiswa kwemhando muzvigadzirwa zvegranite zvikamu.
6. Pfupiso yeKukosha kweKugamuchira Maitiro
Kuendesa uye kugamuchirwa kwezvikamu zvegranite inhanho yakakosha mukuona kunaka kweprojekiti. Semutsetse wekutanga wedziviriro mukuvaka purojekiti yemhando yekudzora, yayo yakawanda-dimensional kuyedzwa uye yakazara-maitiro kutonga kwakananga kunokanganisa kuchengetedza kweprojekiti, kugona kwehupfumi, uye kuwana musika. Naizvozvo, yakarongeka yemhando yekusimbisa sisitimu inofanirwa kuumbwa kubva pamativi matatu etekinoroji, kutevedzera, uye hupfumi.
Technical Level: Dual Assurance ye Precision uye Chitarisiko
Mwoyo weiyo tekinoroji nhanho iri mukuona kuti zvikamu zvinosangana nemagadzirirwo anodikanwa kuburikidza neakarongedzerwa kudzora kwekutaridzika kuenderana uye mashandiro endekisi kuyedzwa. Kudzora kutaridzika kunofanirwa kuitwa mukati memaitiro ese, kubva kune yakaomarara kusvika kune yapera chigadzirwa. Semuyenzaniso, dhizaini yekudzora mutsauko weruvara ye "sarudzo mbiri dzezvinhu zvakakasharara, imwe sarudzo yemidziyo yeplate, uye ina sarudzo dzekugadzira ndiro uye manhamba" inoiswa, pamwe chete neyakajeka-isina dhizaini yekurongeka kuti iwane shanduko yechisikigo pakati peruvara uye patani, nokudaro kudzivirira kunonoka kuvaka kunokonzerwa nekusiyana kwemavara. (Somuenzaniso, imwe purojekiti yakanonoka kweanoda kusvika mavhiki maviri nekuda kwekusakwana kwekutonga musiyano wemavara.) Kuongororwa kwekuita kunotarisa pane zviratidzo zvemuviri uye machining kururama. Semuyenzaniso, BRETON otomatiki inoenderera mberi ichikuya nekupukuta michina inoshandiswa kudzora flatness kutsauka kusvika <0.2mm, ukuwo infrared electronic bridge cutting machines inovimbisa kureba nehupamhi kutsauka kusvika <0.5mm. Precision engineering inotoda kushivirira kwakadzikama kwe ≤0.02mm/m, ichida tsinhiro yakadzama uchishandisa maturusi ane hunyanzvi akadai segloss metres uye vernier calipers.
Kutevedza: Musika Wekuwana Zvikwereti zveStifiketi Setifiketi
Kuteerera kwakakosha kuti chigadzirwa chipinde mumisika yemunyika nekunze, zvinoda kutevedzwa panguva imwe chete nezvose zvemukati zvinosungirwa zviyero uye masisitimu etifiketi epasi rese. Mumba, kutevedzera GB/T 18601-2024 zvinodiwa zvekumanikidza simba uye kushanduka kwesimba kwakakosha. Semuenzaniso, kune zvivakwa zvepamusoro-soro kana munzvimbo dzinotonhora, yekuwedzera kuyedzwa kwechando kuramba uye simende bond simba inodiwa. Mumusika wepasi rese, CE certification chinhu chakakosha chinodiwa pakutumira kunze kuEU uye inoda kupasa EN 1469 bvunzo. Iyo ISO 9001 yepasi rose yemhando sisitimu, kuburikidza ne "nhatu-yekuongorora system" (yega-yekuzviongorora, mutual inspection, uye nyanzvi yekuongorora) uye kudzora maitiro, inova nechokwadi chekuzvidavirira kwakazara kwemhando kubva pakutengwa kwezvinhu kusvika pakupedzwa kwechigadzirwa. Semuyenzaniso, Jiaxiang Xulei Dombo rawana indasitiri inotungamira 99.8% chigadzirwa chiyero uye 98.6% kugutsikana kwevatengi kuburikidza neiyi system.
Economic Aspect: Kuenzanisa Kudzora Mutengo neMabhenefiti Enguva Yakareba
Iko kukosha kwehupfumi kwemaitiro ekugamuchirwa kuri mumabhenefiti ayo maviri ekuderedza njodzi yenguva pfupi uye yenguva refu yekugadzirisa mutengo. Dhata inoratidza kuti rework mutengo nekuda kwekugashira kusingagutsikane kunogona kuverengera 15% yemutengo wakazara wepurojekiti, nepo mitengo inotevera yekugadzirisa nekuda kwenyaya dzakaita senge kusingaonekwe kutsemuka uye kushanduka kwemavara kunogona kutokwira. Sezvineiwo, kubvuma kwakasimba kunogona kuderedza kunotevera mari yekugadzirisa ne30% uye kudzivirira kunonoka kweprojekiti kunokonzerwa nekuremara kwezvinhu. (Somuenzaniso, mune imwe purojekiti, kutsemuka kwakakonzerwa nokubvuma kwokuregeredza kwakaguma nemitengo yokugadzirisa inopfuura bhajeti yokutanga nemamiriyoni maviri eyuan.) Imwe kambani yematombo yakawana mwero we100% wokugamuchira purojekiti kuburikidza ne“nhanhatu-nhanho yokuongorora kunaka,” zvichiita kuti mutengi atengezve mutengo we92,3%, zvichiratidza tapuro yakananga yekudzora kunaka pamusika.
Core Nheyo: Maitiro ekugamuchirwa anofanirwa kuita iyo ISO 9001 "inoenderera mberi nekuvandudza" uzivi. Iyo yakavharwa-loop "kugamuchira-mhinduro-yekuvandudza" nzira inokurudzirwa. Yakakosha data senge ruvara mutsauko kutonga uye kufuratira kutsauka kunofanirwa kuongororwa kota kuti ikwidzise mazinga ekusarudza uye maturusi ekuongorora. Root chikonzero chekuongorora chinofanira kuitwa pamakesi ekugadzirisa zvakare, uye iyo "Isingaenderane Chigadzirwa Chekudzora Chigadzirwa" inofanirwa kuvandudzwa. Semuenzaniso, kuburikidza nekota yedata reongororo, imwe kambani yakadzikisa mwero wekugayira nekupukuta kubva pa3.2% kuenda pa0.8%, ichichengetedza mari inodarika 5 miriyoni mumitengo yekuchengetedza pagore.
Kuburikidza neatatu-dimensional synergy yetekinoroji, kutevedzera, uye hupfumi, kugamuchirwa kwekutakura kwezvikamu zvegranite haingori yemhando yekutarisa asi zvakare inhanho yehungwaru mukusimudzira indasitiri kumira uye kusimudzira kukwikwidza kwemakambani. Chete nekubatanidza maitiro ekugamuchirwa mune yese indasitiri cheni manejimendi emhando yepamusoro ndipo panogona kuwanikwa kubatanidzwa kwemhando yeprojekiti, kuwana musika, uye mabhenefiti ehupfumi.
Nguva yekutumira: Sep-15-2025