Mumunda wezvigadzirwa zvemaindasitiri, kugadzikana kwegranite kunonyanya kuenderana nekuumbwa kwayo kwemaminerari, density yemaitiro, uye zviratidziro zvemuviri (senge coefficient yekuwedzera kwekupisa, mwero wekunyura kwemvura, uye kumanikidza simba), pane iwo ruvara rwayo pacharwo. Nekudaro, ruvara runowanzo ratidza zvisina kunanga mutsauko mukuumbwa kwemaminerari uye kuumbwa nharaunda. Naizvozvo, mumashandisirwo anoshanda, granite yemamwe mavara inofarirwa zvakanyanya nekuda kwehukuru hwekuita kwayo kwakazara. Izvi zvinotevera ongororo chaiyo:
I. Indirect Association pakati peMuvara uye Kugadzikana
Iyo ruvara rwegranite inotarwa nekuumbwa kwayo kwemaminerari, uye iyo mineral kuumbwa inokanganisa zvakananga maitiro ayo emuviri:
Granite ine ruvara rwakajeka (senge greyish chena, chiedza pink)
Mineral composition: Kunyanya quartz uye feldspar (inoverengera kusvika 60% kusvika 80%), ine mica shoma kana amphibole.
Quartz (ine density ye2.65g/cm³) uye feldspar (ine density ye 2.5-2.8g/cm³) ine kuomarara kwakanyanya, kusimba kwemakemikari kugadzikana, uye yakaderera coefficient yekuwedzera kwekupisa (kazhinji 5-8 × 10⁻⁶/℃), uye haibatike nyore ne.
Mamiriro ezvinhu: Yakaumbwa munzvimbo yakagadzikana ye geological (sekunonoka kutonhora munzvimbo isina kudzika yePasi pasi), ine yunifomu yecrystalline particles, dense structure, low porosity (0.3% - 0.7%), mvura yakaderera mwero (<0.15%), uye kuramba kwakasimba kune deformation.
Yakajairika maapplication: Electronic chip kugadzira michina, chaiyo optical chiridzwa mabhesi (senge photolithography muchina mapuratifomu), izvo zvinoda kuchengetedza dimensional kurongeka kwenguva yakareba.
Gireniti yakasviba (yakadai sedema, girini yakasvibira)
Mineral composition: Yakapfuma musimbi uye magnesium zvicherwa (senge amphibole, biotite, pyroxene), uye zvishoma ine heavy metal zvicherwa senge magnetite uye ilmenite.
Amphibole (density 3.0-3.4g/cm³) uye biotite (density 2.7-3.1g/cm³) ine density yakakwira, asi macoefficients ekuwedzera kwemafuta akakwira zvishoma pane ayo equartz (kusvika ku8-12 × 10⁻⁶⁶ / ⁶ kushanduka kwekuchinja kwekuchinja), iron-ine minerals.
Zvimiro zvechimiro: Zvizhinji zvakaumbwa munzvimbo dzepamusoro-tembiricha uye dzakanyanya-kudzvanywa nharaunda (sekukurumidza kutonhora kweyakadzika magma), ine coarse crystalline particles uye misiyano yakakura mukuwanda kwemaitiro. Imwe yakasviba granite (yakadai seJinan Green) ine yakawedzera yunifomu uye yakagadzikana chimiro nekuda kweiyo yakanyanya magmatic chiitiko uye kuburitswa kuzere kwekushushikana kwemukati.
Yakajairika mashandisirwo: Inorema-basa muchina mabhesi emidziyo, hombe yekuyeresa michina yekuyeresa (CMM), iyo inoda kutsungirira mitoro yakakwira uye kukanganisa kuramba.
Ii. Zvinoratidza Kugadzikana muIndasitiri Mamiriro
Pasinei nemuvara, izvo zvakakosha zvinodiwa zvegranite muzvigadzirwa zvemaindasitiri zvinosanganisira:
Thermal kugadzikana
Ipa zvakakosha pakusarudza marudzi ane yakaderera coefficient of thermal kuwedzera (<8×10⁻⁶/℃) kudzivirira midziyo kunyatsotsauka kunokonzerwa nekushanduka kwekushisa. Granite ine ruvara rwakajeka (senge sesame chena) ine kugadzikana kurinani kwekupisa nekuda kweiyo yakakwira quartz.
Structural compactness
Granite ine porosity isingasviki 0.5% uye mwero wekunyudzwa kwemvura uri pasi pe0.1% hausi nyore kushambadza unyoro kana tsvina uye haigone kukanganisa pakushandiswa kwenguva refu. Ose aJinan Green mugireniti yakasviba (ine porosity ye0.3%) uye Shanxi Nhema mune yakareruka giraniti (ine porosity ye0.2%) inosangana nezvinodiwa zvehurefu hwakanyanya.
Mechanical simba
Simba rekumanikidza rakakura kupfuura 150MPa uye simba rekuchinjika rakakura kupfuura 12MPa, kuve nechokwadi kugadzikana kwenguva refu kwekutakura midziyo chaiyo. Dark granite (yakadai seIndia nhema) inowanzova nepamusoro pemagetsi simba nekuda kwekuvapo kwesimbi uye magnesium minerals uye yakakodzera kune zvinorema-basa scenarios.
Kemikari corrosion resistance
Quartz nefeldspar zvine kusimba kwakasimba kune acid uye alkali corrosion. Naizvozvo, granite ine ruvara rwakareruka (sesesame grey) inonyanya kukodzera nzvimbo dzinoora mumaindasitiri emakemikari uye semiconductor.
Iii. Mainstream Sarudzo uye Nyaya muIndasitiri Munda
Chiedza-ruvara rwegranite: Sarudzo yakasarudzika yemhando yepamusoro-chaiyo mamiriro
Representative marudzi:
Sesame White: Yakagadzirwa muFujian, ine grey muvara, ine quartz yemukati inopfuura 70%. Coefficient yayo yekuwedzera kwekupisa ndeye 6×10⁻⁶/℃. Inoshandiswa mu semiconductor lithography muchina mapuratifomu uye aerospace yekuongorora michina.
Jinan Green: Yakasviba grey, yunifomu chimiro, inomanikidza simba 240MPa, inowanzo shandiswa pahwaro hwemashini ekuyeresa (CMM).
Zvakanakira: Kufanana kwemavara kwakanaka, kufambisa iyo optical nzira calibration ye optical equipment; Iyo ine diki deformation yekupisa uye inokodzera nanometer-level precision zvinodiwa.
Gireniti yakasviba: Inofarirwa kune inorema-basa uye inopesana-inopikisa mamiriro
Representative marudzi:
Black Galaxy: Dema muruvara, ine ilmenite, ine density ye3.05g/cm³ uye inomanikidza simba re280MPa. Inoshandiswa kune inorema-basa muchina chishandiso chekutungamira njanji uye mota dzekugadzira zvigadziriso.
Mongolian dema: Girazi rakasvibira, kunyanya amphibole, ine simba rekupikisa, rinoshandiswa pahwaro hwemidziyo yemugodhi.
Advantages: Yakakwira density, kusimba kwakasimba, inokwanisa kutora mechanic vibration, yakakodzera kune yakakwira-mutoro maindasitiri nharaunda.
Four. Mhedziso: Ruvara harisi iro rinosarudza; performance ndiyo musimboti
Ruvara ≠ kugadzikana: ese ari maviri akajeka-ruvara uye rima-ruvara granite ane akanyanya kugadzikana mhando. Chinokosha chiri mukuchena kwechicherwa, kufanana kwechimiro, uye zviratidzo zvemuviri.
Scene adaptation musimboti:
Precision optical/electronic equipment:Sarudza mhando dzakareruka dzine yakakwira quartz content (sesesame white), uchisimbisa kugadzikana kwekupisa uye kurongeka kwepamusoro.
Michina inorema/maindasitiri emuchina maturusi: Sarudza yakasviba-ruvara, yakakwira-iron magnesium ore mhando (seJinan bhuruu), uchisimbisa kusimba kwemechani uye kukanganisa kuramba.
Kutenga zano: Simbisa paramita senge coefficient yekuwedzera kwekupisa, mwero wekunyudzwa kwemvura, uye simba rekumanikidza kuburikidza nemishumo yebvunzo (seGB/T 18601-2020 "Natural Granite Building Slabs"), pane kutonga neruvara chete.
Mukupedzisa, mundima yeindasitiri, kusarudzwa kwegranite kunoisa pamberi pekuita uye kunowedzerwa nemuvara. Ongororo yakazara inofanirwa kuitwa yakasanganiswa nezvinodiwa zvemidziyo uye nharaunda dzekushandisa.
Nguva yekutumira: May-19-2025