Mubhedha wemuchina unoshanda sechinhu chakakosha chechikamu chechero mekina michina, uye maitiro ayo ekubatanidza inhanho yakakosha inoraira kusimba kwechimiro, kurongeka kwejometri, uye kugadzikana kwenguva refu kwesimba. Kure nekusangana kwakapfava, kuvaka mubhedha wemashini chaiwo idambudziko rematanho akawanda einjiniya. Nhanho yega yega-kubva pakunongedza kwekutanga kusvika kukugadzirisa kwekupedzisira-inoda kudzora kwemaitiro akawanda kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti mubhedha unochengeta kushanda kwakagadzikana pasi pemitoro yakaoma inoshanda.
Iyo Groundwork: Yekutanga Referencing uye Leveling
Maitiro ekuunganidza anotanga nekumisikidza absolute reference ndege. Izvi zvinowanzo wanikwa uchishandisa yakakwirira-chaiyo granite pamusoro peplate kana laser tracker seyepasirese bhenji. Nheyo yemubhedha wemuchina inotangwa yakasimudzwa uchishandisa tsigiro yekuyera wedges (chock blocks). Maturusi ekuyeresa akasarudzika, akadai semazinga emagetsi, anoshandiswa kugadzirisa zvitsigiso izvi kudzamara kukanganisa kweparallelism pakati penzira yemubhedha nendege yereferensi yadzikiswa.
Pamibhedha mihombe kwazvo, danho rekusimudzira rinoshandiswa: nzvimbo dzepakati dzekutsigira dzinotanga dzakagadziriswa, uye nhanho inofambira mberi ichienda kumagumo. Kuenderera mberi nekutarisisa kwegwara rakatwasuka uchishandisa dial chiratidzo kwakakosha kudzivirira kusaga nepakati kana kuputika kumacheto nekuda kwehuremu hwechikamu. Kuteerera kunobhadharwawo kune zvinhu zvekutsigira wedges; simbi yakakandwa inowanzosarurwa kune yayo yakafanana yekupisa yekuwedzera coefficient kumubhedha wemuchina, nepo mapedhi anoumbwa achishandiswa kune avo epamusoro ekunyorovesa zvivakwa mu vibration-sensitive application. Firimu rakatetepa reakasarudzika anti-seize lubricant panzvimbo yekusangana inoderedza kukanganiswa uye inodzivirira micro-kutsvedza mukati menguva refu yekugadzika chikamu.
Precision Kubatanidzwa: Kuunganidza iyo Guideway System
Iyo gwaigwa sisitimu ndiyo yakakosha chikamu chinokonzeresa mutsara kufamba, uye kurongeka kwayo kwegungano kunoenderana zvakananga nemhando yemuchina wemidziyo. Mushure mekugadzirisa kwekutanga nemapini ekutsvaga, gwara rinosungirirwa, uye pre-tension simba rinoshandiswa zvine hungwaru uchishandisa mahwendefa ekudhinda. Iyo pre-tensioning process inofanirwa kutevedzera "uniform uye inofambira mberi" musimboti: mabhaudhi anosimbiswa akawedzera kubva pakati pegwara renzira kuenda kunze, achiisa chidimbu che torque mudenderedzwa rega rega kusvika dhizaini yasangana. Iyi nzira yakasimba inodzivirira kushushikana kwenzvimbo uko kunogona kukonzera gwara kukotama.
Chinetso chakakomba ndechekugadzirisa iyo inomhanya clearance pakati pema slider block uye gwara. Izvi zvinowanikwa kuburikidza neyakasanganiswa yekunzwa gauge uye dial chiratidzo chekuyera nzira. Nekuisa mafeeling geji ehukobvu hwakasiyana uye kuyera mhedzisiro inotsvedza kusimuka nedhiyani chiratidzo, clearance-displacement curve inogadzirwa. Iyi data inotungamira iyo micro-gadziriso ye eccentric pini kana wedge block padivi remutsetse, kuve nechokwadi chekugovera yunifomu yemvumo. Kune mibhedha yakanyatsojeka, firimu renano-lubrication rinogona kuiswa kune gwara renzira kudzikisa friction coefficient uye kuwedzera kufamba kutsetseka.
Rigid Connection: Spindle Headstock kuBed
Kubatana pakati peiyo spindle headstock, moyo wekubuda kwesimba, uye mubhedha wemuchina unoda kungwarira chiyero chekuomarara kwekutakura mutoro uye vibration yega. Kuchena kwenzvimbo dzekubatana kwakakosha; nzvimbo dzekuonana dzinofanirwa kudzimwa zvine hungwaru nemumiriri wekuchenesa akazvipira kubvisa zvese zvinosvibisa, zvichiteverwa nekushandiswa kwechitetepa chehunyanzvi analytical-giredhi silicone girisi kuti uwedzere kuomarara.
Iyo bhaudhi yekusimbisa kutevedzana kwakakosha. A symmetrical pattern, kazhinji "kuwedzera kunze kubva pakati," inoshandiswa. Mabhaudhi ari pakati pedunhu anofanosimbiswa kutanga, nekutevedzana kunopenya kunze. Stress yekuburitsa nguva inofanirwa kuverengerwa mushure mega rega rekusimbisa. Nezve zvigadziro zvakakomba, ultrasonic bolt preload detector inoshandiswa kutarisa iyo axial simba munguva chaiyo, kuve nechokwadi chekusagadzikana kweunifomu kugovera pamabhaudhi ese uye kudzivirira kusunungurwa kwenzvimbo kunogona kukonzeresa kusingadiwe vibrations.
Mushure mekubatanidza, modal analysis inoitwa. An exciter induces vibrations pane chaiyo frequency paheadstock, uye accelerometers inounganidza masaini emhinduro pamubhedha wemuchina. Izvi zvinosimbisa kuti base resonant frequencies yakakwenenzverwa zvakakwana kubva kune system's operating frequency range. Kana njodzi yeresonance ikaonekwa, kudzikisira kunosanganisira kuisa madhirimu painterface kana kunyatso-tuning bolt preload kukwirisa nzira yekufambisa yevibration.
Yekupedzisira Verification uye Muripo weGeometric Accuracy
Kana yangounganidzwa, mubhedha wemuchina unofanirwa kuita ongororo yekupedzisira yejometri. Laser interferometer inoyera kutwasanuka, ichishandisa magirazi akaungana kuti ikwidziridze mitsaukano paurefu hwegwaragwa. Iyo yemagetsi level system inomepu pamusoro, ichimisikidza iyo 3D mbiri kubva kune akawanda kuyerwa nzvimbo. A autocollimator inotarisa perpendicularity nekuongorora kuchinjika kwenzvimbo yechiedza inoratidzwa kubva kune chaiyo prism.
Chero kukanganiswa kunoonekwa kwekunze-kwe-kushivirira kunoda muripo chaiwo. Kune zvikanganiso zvekururamisa kwenzvimbo pane gwara, iyo inotsigira wedge yepamusoro inogona kugadziriswa kuburikidza nekukwesha nemaoko. Mumiriri wekuvandudza anoiswa kune akakwira mapoinzi, uye kukweshera kubva kune inotsvedza inofamba inoratidza iyo yekubata maitiro. Iwo mapoinzi akakwira akakweshwa zvine hungwaru kuti zvishoma nezvishoma awane theoretical contour. Kune mibhedha mikuru uko kukwesha kusingaite, hydraulic compensation tekinoroji inogona kushandiswa. Miniature hydraulic cylinders inosanganiswa mumaweji ekutsigira, achibvumira kusinga gadzirise kurongeka kwehupamhi hwewedge nekugadzirisa kudzvanywa kweoiri, kuwana chokwadi pasina kubviswa kwezvinhu zvemuviri.
Yakasunungurwa uye Yakarodzwa Kutumwa
Zvikamu zvekupedzisira zvinosanganisira kutumwa. Munguva yekusatakura debugging nhanho, mubhedha unoshanda pasi pemamiriro ekufungidzira ukuwo infrared thermal kamera inotarisisa tembiricha yemusoro westock curve uye inonongedza nzvimbo dzinopisa dzenzvimbo kuti dzikwanise kutonhora chiteshi optimization. Torque sensors inotarisisa mota inobuda kushanduka, ichibvumira kugadziridzwa kweiyo drive cheni kubvumidzwa. Iyo yakaremerwa debugging chikamu zvishoma nezvishoma inowedzera simba rekucheka, uchitarisa mubhedha we vibration spectrum uye kunaka kwemushini wepamusoro kupedzisa kusimbisa kusimba kwechimiro kunosangana nedhizaini yekumisikidza pasi pekushushikana kwepasirese.
Iko kuungana kwechikamu chemubhedha wemuchina kubatanidzwa kwakarongeka kweakawanda-nhanho, nzira dzakanyatsodzorwa. Kuburikidza nekunyatsoomerera kumaprotocol egungano, masisitimu emuripo ane simba, uye kunyatso simbisa, ZHHIMG inova nechokwadi chekuti mubhedha wemuchina unochengetedza micron-level kurongeka pasi pemitoro yakaoma, ichipa hwaro husingazununguki hwekushanda kwemidziyo yepasirese. Sezvo hungwaru hwekuona uye kuzvigadzirisa tekinoroji tekinoroji zvichiramba zvichienderera mberi, musangano wepamubhedha wemuchina unowedzera kufembera uye nekuzvigadzirisa, uchisundidzira kugadzirwa kwemichina kuita hutongi hutsva hwechokwadi.
Nguva yekutumira: Nov-14-2025