Mubhedha wemuchina unoshanda sechikamu chikuru chemidziyo yemakanika, uye maitiro ekugadzira dhatanho rakakosha rinorayira kuomarara kwechimiro, kururama kwejometri, uye kugadzikana kwenguva refu. Kure nekusabatanidzwa kwakapfava, kugadzira mubhedha wemuchina wakanyatsojeka idambudziko reinjiniya yehurongwa hwematanho akawanda. Danho rega rega—kubva pakutanga kusvika pakugadzirisa kwekupedzisira—rinoda kudzora kwekuchinja kwakasiyana-siyana kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti mubhedha unoramba uchishanda zvakanaka pasi pemitoro yakaoma yekushanda.
Hwaro Hwaro: Kutarisa Kwekutanga uye Kuenzanisa
Kugadzira kunotanga nekugadzira purani rekutarisa zvachose. Izvi zvinowanzoitwa uchishandisa granite surface plate yakanyatsogadzirwa kana laser tracker senzira yepasi rose. Hwaro hwemubhedha wemuchina hunotanga hwakaenzana uchishandisa ma wedges ekutsigira (chock blocks). Zvishandiso zvekuyera zvakagadzirwa, zvakaita se electronic levels, zvinoshandiswa kugadzirisa zvinotsigira izvi kusvika kukanganisa kweparallelism pakati penzira yemubhedha nepurani rekutarisa kwadzikira.
Pamibhedha yakakura kwazvo, nzira yekuyera mativi inoshandiswa: nzvimbo dzekutsigira dzepakati dzinotanga dzagadziriswa, uye kuyera mativi kunoenderera mberi kuchienda kumagumo. Kuramba uchitarisa kutwasuka kwenzira uchishandisa chiratidzo che dial kwakakosha kudzivirira kudonha pakati kana kukotama pamipendero nekuda kwekurema kwechikamu. Kutarisirwawo kunopihwa kune zvinhu zvemawedge ekutsigira; simbi yakakandwa inowanzo sarudzwa nekuda kwekuwedzera kwayo kwekupisa kwakafanana nemubhedha wemuchina, nepo mapedhi ecomposite achishandiswa pakuita kwavo kwekupisa kwakanyanya mukushandiswa kunonzwa kudedera. Firimu rakatetepa remafuta anodzivirira kubata panzvimbo dzinosangana nemagetsi anoderedza kukanganiswa uye kudzivirira kutsvedza kwemukati menguva refu.
Kubatanidzwa Kwakarurama: Kuunganidza Sisitimu Yekutungamira
Sisitimu yegwara ndiyo inonyanya kukosha pakufamba kwemutsara, uye kurongeka kwayo kunoenderana zvakananga nemhando yemuchina. Mushure mekugadzirisa kwekutanga nekuwana mapini, gwara rinosungirirwa, uye simba rekutanga kwekumanikidzwa rinoshandiswa zvakanyatsonaka uchishandisa ma press plates. Maitiro ekutanga kwekumanikidzwa anofanira kutevedzera musimboti we "kufanana uye kufambira mberi": mabhoti anosimbiswa zvishoma nezvishoma kubva pakati pegwara kuenda kunze, achishandisa torque shoma chete mudenderedzwa rega rega kusvika dhizaini yazadzikiswa. Maitiro aya anodzivirira kushushikana kwenzvimbo kunogona kukonzera kukotama kwegwara.
Dambudziko guru nderekugadzirisa nzvimbo iri pakati pemabhuroko eslider neguideway. Izvi zvinoitwa kuburikidza nenzira yekuyera feeler gauge pamwe nedial indicator. Nekuisa feeler gauges dzine ukobvu hwakasiyana uye kuyera displacement yeslider inobuda nedial indicator, clearance-displacement curve inogadzirwa. Iyi data inotungamira micro-adjustment yemapini eccentric kana wedge blocks padivi peslider, zvichiita kuti clearance clearance ipararire zvakaenzana. Pamibhedha yakanyatsonaka, nano-lubrication film inogona kuiswa pamusoro peguideway kudzikisa friction coefficient uye kuwedzera kufamba kwakanaka.
Kubatana Kwakasimba: Spindle Headstock kuMubhedha
Kubatana pakati pemusoro wespindle, moyo wesimba rinobuda, uye mubhedha wemuchina kunoda kuenzana kwakanyatsonaka kwekutakura mutoro wakasimba uye kupatsanurwa kwekudengenyeka. Kuchena kwenzvimbo dzinosangana nechinhu kunokosha; nzvimbo dzinosangana nechinhu dzinofanira kupukutwa zvakanaka nemushonga wekuchenesa wakatsaurirwa kubvisa tsvina yese, zvichiteverwa nekushandisa jira rakatetepa resilicone grease rakanyatsogadzirwa kuti riwedzere kuomarara kwechinhu chinosangana nechinhu.
Kutevedzana kwekusimbaradza mabhaudhi kwakakosha. Patani yakafanana, inowanzo "kutambanudza kubva pakati," inoshandiswa. Mabhaudhi ari pakati anotanga asimbiswa, nemutsara wacho uchibuda kunze. Nguva yekuburitsa stress inofanira kutariswa mushure mekutenderera kwega kwega kwekusimbaradza. Kune vanosunga zvakakosha, ultrasound bolt preload detector inoshandiswa kutarisa simba re axial munguva chaiyo, ichiva nechokwadi chekupararira kwakafanana kwestress pamabhaudhi ese uye kudzivirira kusunungura kwenzvimbo kunogona kukonzera kudedera kusingadiwe.
Mushure mekubatanidza, ongororo ye modal inoitwa. Exciter inokonzera kudedera pamafrequencies chaiwo ari pamusoro peheadstock, uye accelerometers inounganidza masaini emhinduro pamusoro pemuchina. Izvi zvinosimbisa kuti mafrequencies ebase resonant akaparadzaniswa zvakakwana kubva pahuwandu hwemafrequencies ekushanda kwesystem. Kana njodzi ye resonance ikaonekwa, kuderedza kunosanganisira kuisa damping shims panzvimbo inopindirana kana kugadzirisa bolt preload kuti igadzirise nzira yekutumira vibration.
Kusimbiswa Kwekupedzisira uye Kubhadharwa Kwekururama kweGeometric
Kana yangogadzirwa, muchina wacho unofanirwa kuongororwa zvizere. Laser interferometer inoyera kutwasuka, ichishandisa magirazi assembly kuti iwedzere kutsauka kudiki pamusoro pehurefu hwegwara. Sisitimu yemagetsi inoyera pamusoro, ichigadzira chimiro che3D kubva panzvimbo dzakawanda dzekuyera. Autocollimator inotarisa kumira kwakamira nekuongorora kuchinja kwenzvimbo yechiedza inoonekwa kubva paprism chaiyo.
Chero zvikanganiso zvipi nezvipi zvinoonekwa zvisina kushivirira zvinoda muripo chaiwo. Pazvikanganiso zvekutwasuka kwenzvimbo pagwara, pamusoro pewedge inotsigira inogona kugadziriswa nekukwenya nemaoko. Mugadziri wemugadziri anoiswa panzvimbo dzakakwirira, uye kukwenya kubva paslider inofamba kunoratidza maitiro ekubata. Nzvimbo dzakakwirira dzinokwenya zvakanyatsonaka kuti zvishoma nezvishoma dzisvike pachimiro chedzidziso. Pamibhedha mikuru uko kukwenya kusingashande, tekinoroji ye hydraulic compensation inogona kushandiswa. Masilinda madiki e hydraulic anobatanidzwa muwedge dzekutsigira, zvichibvumira kugadzirisa ukobvu hwewedge kusingaparadze nekuchinja kumanikidzwa kwemafuta, zvichiita kuti zvive zvakarurama pasina kubviswa kwezvinhu zvepanyama.
Kutumirwa Kwakasunungurwa Uye Kwakaiswa
Madanho ekupedzisira anosanganisira kutanga kushanda. Munguva yedanho rekugadzirisa zvinhu zvisina kuburitswa, mubhedha unoshanda mumamiriro ezvinhu akaedzwa ukuwo kamera ye infrared thermal ichitarisa tembiricha yemusoro wemuchina uye ichiratidza nzvimbo dzinopisa dziripo kuti pave nekukwanisa kugadzirisa nzira dzekutonhodza. Ma torque sensors anotarisa kushanduka-shanduka kwemota, zvichibvumira kugadziriswa kwenzvimbo dzinobuda mudhiraivha. Chikamu chekugadzirisa zvinhu chakaremerwa chinowedzera simba rekucheka zvishoma nezvishoma, zvichiona vibration spectrum yemubhedha uye mhando yemuchina wakagadzirwa kuti usimbise kuomarara kwechimiro kunosangana nezvinodiwa zvedhizaini pasi pekumanikidzwa kwenyika chaiyo.
Kuunganidzwa kwechikamu chemubhedha wemuchina kubatanidzwa kwakarongeka kwemaitiro akawanda, anonyatsodzorwa. Kuburikidza nekutevedzera zvakanyanya maprotocol ekubatanidza, nzira dzekugadzirisa dzinochinja-chinja, uye kusimbiswa kwakakwana, ZHHIMG inoita kuti mubhedha wemuchina urambe wakarurama pasi pemitoro yakaoma, zvichipa hwaro husingazununguki hwekushanda kwemidziyo yepamusoro-soro. Sezvo matekinoroji ekuongorora nekuzvigadzirisa ega achiramba achifambira mberi, kubatanidzwa kwemubhedha wemuchina wemangwana kuchawedzera kufungidzira uye kugadziriswa, zvichisundidzira kugadzirwa kwemuchina kune nzira itsva dzekururama.
Nguva yekutumira: Mbudzi-14-2025