Mukuvaka kweiyo chaiyo static kumanikidza mweya inoyangarara chikuva, sarudzo yechigadziko inoita basa rekuita mukuita kwese kwepuratifomu. Granite precision base uye cast iron base vane hunhu hwavo, uye kune misiyano iri pachena muhukuru hwakakosha senge kugadzikana, kunyatsoita kuchengetedza, kusimba uye mutengo.
Kutanga, kugadzikana: zvisikwa dense uye chimiro chesimbi
Mushure memamiriyoni emakore ekuchinja kwe geological, granite inosanganiswa zvakanyanya ne quartz, feldspar uye mamwe maminerari kuti aite dense uye yunifomu chimiro. Pamberi pekuvhiringidzwa kwekunze, sekuzunguzika kwakasimba kunoitwa nekushanda kwemidziyo mikuru mushopu yefekitori, chigadziko chegranite chinogona kunyatso kuvharira nekudzikamisa nekuvimba nechimiro chayo chekristaro chakaomarara, chinogona kudzikisa kuzunguzika kweiyo chaiyo static kumanikidza mhepo inoyangarara papuratifomu neanopfuura 80%, ichipa yakagadzikana oparesheni yakatsiga yebwe repakona rekuona papuratifomu. Semuenzaniso, mune photolithography maitiro ekugadzirwa kwemagetsi chip, iyo chaiyo maitiro e chip mapatani anovimbiswa.
Iyo yakakandwa simbi base inokandwa kubva kune iron-carbon alloy, uye iyo yemukati graphite inogoverwa mumashizha kana mativi. Kunyangwe iine imwe vibration yekudzikamisa kugona, kufanana kwayo kwechimiro hakuna kunaka kana zvichienzaniswa negranite. Paunenge uchibata nekusimba kwepamusoro uye kuenderera mberi kwekudedera, zvakaoma kuti chigadziko chesimbi chideredze kukanganiswa kwekudengenyeka kune imwechete yakaderera pamwero sehwaro hwegranite, izvo zvinogona kutungamira kudiki kutsauka mukufamba kweiyo chaiyo static kumanikidza mhepo inoyangarara chikuva, ichikanganisa kuita kwayo kwepuratifomu mukushanda kwepamusoro-soro.
Chechipiri, kuchengetedzeka kwechokwadi: zvakanakira zvechisikigo zvekuwedzera kwakaderera uye dambudziko resimbi inopisa shanduko.
Granite inozivikanwa nekuderera kwayo kwakanyanya kwekuwedzera kwekupisa, kazhinji pa5-7 × 10⁻⁶/℃. Munzvimbo yekushanduka kwetembiricha, saizi yegranite chaiyo base inochinja zvishoma. Mundima yekuongorora nyeredzi, iyo chaiyo hydrostatic air float chikuva yekumisikidzwa kwakanaka kweteresikopu lens yakapetwa negirenati base, kunyangwe musiyano wetembiricha pakati pemasikati nehusiku wakakosha, unogona kuona kuti kurongeka kwelens kunochengetedzwa padanho resubmicron, zvichibatsira vanoongorora nyeredzi kutora masimba akajeka emitumbi iri kure.
Iyo coefficient yekuwedzera kwekupisa kwesimbi yakakandwa yakakwira, kazhinji 10-20 × 10⁻⁶/℃. Kana tembiricha ichichinja, saizi yesimbi yakakandwa base inoshanduka zviri pachena, izvo zviri nyore kukonzeresa deformation yekupisa kweiyo chaiyo static pressure air floating platform, zvichikonzera kuderera kwekufamba chaiko kwepuratifomu. Mukugadzirisa kwekushisa-sensitive optical lenses, deformation yesimbi yakakandwa pasi pasi pesimba rekushisa kunogona kukonzera kutsauka kwekugayira kwelens kupfuura iyo inobvumirwa uye kukanganisa kunaka kwelens.
Chechitatu, kusimba: kuoma kwakanyanya kwebwe rechisikigo uye kuneta kwesimbi
Granite kuoma kwakakwirira, Mohs kuoma kunogona kusvika 6-7, yakanaka kupfeka kuramba. Murabhoritari yesainzi yemidziyo, iyo inogara ichishandiswa chaiyo static kumanikidza mhepo yekuyangarara chikuva, hwaro hwayo hwegranite hunogona kuramba kurasikirwa nekukashana kwenguva refu, zvichienzaniswa neyakajairwa chigadziko, inogona kuwedzera kutenderera kwepuratifomu neinopfuura 50%, kuderedza mitengo yekugadzirisa michina, uye kuve nechokwadi kuenderera kwebasa resainzi rekutsvagisa. Zvisinei, zvinhu zvegranite zvine brittle, uye pane ngozi yekuputika kana yabatwa netsaona.
Iyo cast iron base ine kumwe kuoma uye haisi nyore kutyoka kana iine imwe simba rekuita. Zvisinei, mukuita kwepamusoro-soro kudzokororwa kwekufamba kwechaiyo static pressure air floating platform kwenguva yakareba, simbi yakakandwa inowanzoita kukuvara kwekuneta, zvichiita kuti kuchinja kwemukati, kunokanganisa kufamba kwakarurama uye kugadzikana kwepuratifomu. Panguva imwecheteyo, simbi yakakandwa inowanzoita ngura uye kuora munzvimbo dzine hunyoro, ichideredza kusimba kwayo, zvakasiyana, nheyo yegranite mukudzivisa kuora zviri nani.
Chechina, mutengo wekugadzira uye kuomerwa kwekugadzirisa: matombo echisikigo emigodhi uye kugadzirisa matambudziko uye simbi yekukanda process pachikumbaridzo
Iyo migodhi uye kutakura kwegranite mbishi zvinhu zvakaoma, uye kugadzirisa kunoda zvakanyanya midziyo uye tekinoroji. Nekuda kwekuoma kwayo kwakanyanya, brittleness, kucheka, kugaya, kupuruzira uye mamwe maitiro anowanzo kudonha, kuputika, kukwira kwezvimedu, zvichikonzera mutengo wekugadzira wakakwira.
Iyo cast iron base inogadzirwa neyakakura yekukanda maitiro, yakafara sosi yezvakagadzirwa uye mutengo wakaderera. Kuburikidza neforoma inogona kuwana kugadzirwa kwakawanda, kugadzirwa kwakanyanya. Nekudaro, kuti uwane iyo yakaenzana yakakwirira uye kugadzikana segireni gasi, maitiro ekukanda uye post-kugadzirisa zvinodiwa zvakanyanya kuomarara, zvinoda chaiyo machining uye kurapwa kuchembera, nezvimwewo, uye mutengo uchakwirawo zvakanyanya.
Muchidimbu, granite precision base ine mabhenefiti akakosha mumamiriro ekushandiswa kweiyo precision static pressure air float platform inoda kurongeka kwepamusoro, kugadzikana uye kupfeka kuramba; Iyo cast iron base ine zvimwe zvakanakira mumutengo uye kuomarara, uye inokodzera nguva dzekuti kurongeka kwezvido kwakadzikira, kutsvaga kwekuita mutengo uye kudengenyeka uye tembiricha nharaunda zvakadzikama.
Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-09-2025