Muminda yemazuva ano yakaita sekugadzira semiconductor uye kuyerwa kwequantum precision, iyo inonyanya kukanganiswa nemamiriro emagetsi, kunyangwe kukanganiswa kudiki kwemagetsi mumidziyo kunogona kukonzera kutsauka kwakarurama, zvichikanganisa mhando yekupedzisira yechigadzirwa uye mhedzisiro yekuyedza. Sechikamu chakakosha chinotsigira michina chaiyo, hunhu hwemagnetic susceptibility hwemapuratifomu e granite precision hwave chinhu chakakosha mukuona kushanda kwakasimba kwemidziyo. Kuongorora kwakadzama mashandiro emagnetic susceptibility emapuratifomu e granite precision kunoita kuti tinzwisise kukosha kwavo kusingatsivike mukugadzirwa kwepamusoro-soro uye zviitiko zvesainzi. Granite inonyanya kuumbwa nezvicherwa zvakaita se quartz, feldspar uye mica. Maumbirwo emagetsi emakristaro aya emineral anosarudza hunhu hwemagnetic susceptibility hwegranite. Kubva pamaonero e microscopic, mukati memaminerari akadai se quartz (SiO_2) uye feldspar (senge potassium feldspar (KAlSi_3O_8)), maerekitironi anowanzo kuve maviri mukati me covalent kana ionic bonds. Zvichienderana nepfungwa yePauli exclusion mu quantum mechanics, mafambiro e spin emaerekitironi maviri akasiyana, uye nguva dzawo dzemagnetic dzinopesana, zvichiita kuti mhinduro yese yemineral ku external magnetic field ive isina simba zvakanyanya. Saka, granite ichinhu chakajairika chine simba remagineti rine simba remagineti rakaderera zvikuru, kazhinji kacho chakafanana ne \(-10^{-5}\), izvo zvinogona kutoda kufuratirwa. Zvichienzaniswa nezvinhu zvesimbi, simba remagineti regranite rinokosha zvikuru. Zvinhu zvakawanda zvesimbi zvakaita sesimbi zvinhu zvine simba remagineti kana paramagnetic, zvine maerekitironi akawanda asina kupatsanurwa mukati. Nguva dzemagineti dzinotenderera dzemaerekitironi aya dzinogona kukurumidza Kutungamira nekuenderana pasi pesimba remagineti rekunze, zvichikonzera simba remagineti rezvinhu zvesimbi rakakwira se \(10^2-10^6\). Kana paine masaini emagetsi kubva kunze, zvinhu zvesimbi zvinobatana zvakanyanya nesimba remagineti, zvichigadzira magetsi emagetsi emagetsi uye kurasikirwa kwehysteresis, izvo zvinokanganisa mashandiro akajairika ezvikamu zvemagetsi mukati memuchina. Mapuratifomu ekugadzirisa magineti, ane simba remagineti rakaderera zvikuru, haawanzo shanda nesimba rekunze, zvichidzivirira kugadzirwa kwekukanganiswa kwemagetsi uye kugadzira nzvimbo yakagadzikana yekushanda yemidziyo yekunyatso. Mukushandiswa kwazvino, simba remagineti rakaderera remapuratifomu ekunyatsojeka kwegranite rinoita basa guru. Mumacomputer system equantum, superconducting qubits inonzwa zvakanyanya ruzha rwe electromagnetic. Kunyangwe kuchinja kwesimba remagineti kwe1nT (nanotesla) level kunogona kukonzera kurasikirwa kwekubatana kwequbits, zvichikonzera zvikanganiso zvekuverenga. Mushure mekunge chimwe chikwata chekutsvagisa chatsiva puratifomu yekuedza nezvinhu zvegranite, ruzha rwesimba remagineti rekumashure rwakatenderedza michina rwakaderera zvakanyanya kubva pa5nT kusvika pasi pe0.1nT. Nguva yekubatana kwequbits yakawedzerwa katatu, uye chiyero chekukanganisa kwekushanda chakaderedzwa ne80%, zvichiwedzera zvakanyanya kugadzikana uye kururama kwe quantum computing. Mumunda wemidziyo ye semiconductor lithography, extreme ultraviolet light source uye precision sensors panguva ye lithography ine zvinodiwa zvakasimba zve electromagnetic environment. Mushure mekushandisa granite precision platform, michina yakabudirira kuramba kupindira kwe electromagnetic yekunze, uye positioning accuracy yakavandudzwa kubva pa ±10nm kusvika ±3nm, zvichipa vimbiso yakasimba yekugadzirwa kwakagadzikana kwe Advanced processes ye 7nm ne pasi. Pamusoro pezvo, mumaelektroni maikorosikopu ane maelektroni akanyatsogadzirwa, michina yekufungidzira maelektroni enuclear magnetic resonance uye zvimwe zvishandiso zvinonzwa nharaunda dzemagetsi, mapuratifomu ekugadzira granite anonyatsoitawo kuti michina ishande zvakanaka nekuda kwehunhu hwayo hwekushandisa maelektroni husina simba. Kushanda kwemaelektroni ekugadzira granite kunenge kusina simba remagetsi kunoita kuti ive sarudzo yakanaka yemidziyo yemagetsi inodzivirira kukanganiswa kwemagetsi. Sezvo tekinoroji ichifambira mberi kusvika pakunyatsogadzirwa uye masisitimu akaomarara, zvinodiwa kuti michina ishande nemaelektroni zviri kuramba zvichioma. Mapuratifomu ekugadzira granite akanyatsogadzirwa, ane mukana uyu wakasiyana, acharamba achiita basa rakakosha mukugadzira kwepamusoro-soro uye kutsvagisa kwesainzi kwemazuva ano, zvichibatsira indasitiri iyi kugara ichipfuura nepakati pematambudziko ehunyanzvi uye kusvika pakakwirira.
Nguva yekutumira: Chivabvu-14-2025