Munyaya ye metrology yepamusoro-soro, kururama ndicho chinhu chikuru chinoyera kukosha kwemidziyo. Mumakore achangopfuura, 95% yemidziyo yepamusoro-soro yakasiya mabhesi esimbi akaumbwa uye panzvimbo pezvo yakashandisa mabhesi egranite. Kushanduka uku kweindasitiri ndiko kuri kuenderera mberi kwetekinoroji kwakaunzwa nehunhu hwe nano-level hwemabhesi egranite. Chinyorwa chino chichaongorora zvakadzama mabhesi egranite uye chichaburitsa pachena chakavanzika chiri shure kwekuva kwavo "vanofarira" michina yepamusoro-soro.
Zvipingamupinyi zvezvigadziko zvesimbi yakakandwa: Zvakaoma kusangana nezvinodiwa zvekuyera kwepamusoro-soro
Simbi yaimboshandiswa zvakanyanya pakugadzira michina yekuyera uye yaishandiswa zvakanyanya nekuda kwemutengo wayo wakaderera uye nyore kugadzira. Zvisinei, mune zviitiko zvekuyera kwepamusoro-soro, miganhu yesimbi yaingove iri kuramba ichionekwa. Kune rumwe rutivi, simbi yaingove isina kugadzikana kwekupisa, ine chiyero chekuwedzera kwekupisa chakakwira se11-12 × 10⁻⁶/℃. Kana michina ikagadzira kupisa panguva yekushanda kana tembiricha yekunze ikachinja, inowanzo shanduka, zvichikonzera kutsauka kwereferensi yekuyera. Kune rumwe rutivi, chimiro chemukati chesimbi yaingove chine maburi madiki, uye mashandiro ayo ekudzora vibration haana kukwana, zvichiita kuti isakwanise kupinza zvinobudirira vibration interference yekunze. Kana kushanda kwezvishandiso zvemuchina nekufamba kwemotokari muworkshop zvichikonzera vibration, base yesimbi yaingove ichaendesa vibration kumidziyo yekuyera, zvichikonzera kushanduka kwedata rekuyera uye zvichiita kuti zviome kusangana nezvinodiwa zvekuyera zvakanyatsonaka pamazinga e nanometer ne micrometer.
Hunhu hweNanoscale damping hwemagadziko egranite: Vimbiso huru yekuyera kwakarurama
Granite idombo rechisikigo rakaumbwa kuburikidza nemaitiro e geological kwemazana emamiriyoni emakore. Makristaro ayo emukati mezvicherwa akaomesesa uye chimiro chayo chakaenzana, zvichiita kuti ive nehunhu hwakanaka hwekunyorovesa hushoma. Kana kudedera kwekunze kukaendeswa kuchigadziko chegranite, chimiro chayo chemukati chinogona kushandura simba rekudedera kuita simba rekupisa, zvichiita kuti zviome zvinobudirira. Kana tichienzanisa nesimbi yakakandwa, nguva yekupindura kwekudedera kwemabhesi egranite inopfupikiswa neinopfuura 80%, uye anogona kudzokera kumamiriro akagadzikana munguva pfupi kwazvo, zvichidzivirira kukanganiswa kwekuyerwa kwekururama kwemidziyo yekuyera.
Kubva pamaonero e microscopic, chimiro chekristaro chegranite chine huwandu hwakawanda hwemiganhu midiki yezviyo nezvicherwa, uye izvi zvinoumba "network yekunyudzwa kwekudengenyeka". Kana mafungu ekudengenyeka akapararira mukati megranite, anobonderana, anopenya uye anopararira nemiganhu iyi nezviyo kakawanda. Simba rekudengenyeka rinogara richishandiswa mukuita uku, nokudaro zvichiita kuti vibration damping ibudirire. Zvidzidzo zvinoratidza kuti granite base inogona kuderedza vibration amplitude kusvika pasi pechikamu chimwe mugumi chepakutanga, zvichipa nzvimbo yakagadzikana yekuyera michina yekuyera.
Zvimwe zvakanakira zvigadziko zvegranite: Kuzadzisa zvizere zvinodiwa zvepamusoro-soro
Pamusoro pehunhu hwayo hwakanaka hwekudzikisa mvura neakisikeri, hwaro hwegranite hune zvakanakira zvakawanda, zvichiita kuti ive sarudzo yakanaka yemidziyo yepamusoro yekuyera. Kuwanda kwayo kwekuwedzera kwekupisa kwakaderera zvikuru, 5-7 × 10⁻⁶/℃ chete, uye hainyanyi kukanganiswa nekuchinja kwekupisa. Inogona kuchengetedza saizi yakagadzikana uye chimiro chayo mumamiriro akasiyana ekunze, ichivimbisa kururama kwereferensi yekuyera. Panguva iyi, granite ine kuomarara kwakanyanya (ine kuomarara kweMohs kwe6-7) uye kuramba kupfeka kwakasimba. Kunyangwe mushure mekushandiswa kwenguva refu, pamusoro payo panogona kuramba paine mamiriro eplanar akanyatsojeka, zvichideredza kuwanda kwekugadzirisa nekuenzanisa michina. Pamusoro pezvo, granite ine hunhu hwakagadzikana hwemakemikari uye haikanganisike nyore nyore nezvinhu zvine acidic kana alkaline, zvichiita kuti ive yakakodzera munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzakaoma dzemaindasitiri.
Makambani ekugadzira maindasitiri akasimbisa kukosha kukuru kwematombo egranite
Mubasa rekugadzira ma semiconductor, saizi yemachipisi yapinda munguva ye nanoscale, uye zvinodiwa nemazvo zvemidziyo yemetrology zvakakwirira zvikuru. Mushure mekunge kambani inozivikanwa yepasi rose yesemiconductor yakatsiva michina yekuyera nechigadziko chesimbi chakakandwa nechigadziko chegranite, kukanganisa kwekuyera kwakaderera kubva pa ± 5μm kusvika pa ± 0.5μm, uye mwero wegoho rechigadzirwa wakawedzera ne12%. Mubasa remuchadenga, michina yepamusoro-soro yemetrology inoshandiswa kuona chimiro nenzvimbo yezvikamu, mushure mekushandisa mabhesi egranite, inodzivirira kukanganiswa kwevibration, ichivimbisa kururama kwekugadzirisa kwezvikamu zvakakosha zvakaita sema blades einjini yendege nema fuselage frames, uye ichipa vimbiso yakasimba yekuchengetedza nekuvimbika kwezvigadzirwa zvemuchadenga.
Nekuvandudzika kuri kuramba kuchiitwa kwezvinodiwa pakuyera zvakarurama muindasitiri yekugadzira zvinhu yepamusoro-soro, mabhesi egranite, ane hunhu hwawo hwekudzikisa hushoma uye zvakanakira mashandiro azvo, ari kuchinja mwero wehunyanzvi hwemidziyo yekuyera. Kuchinja kubva kusimbi yakakandwa kuenda kugranite hakusi kungovandudza zvinhu chete; zvakare chinjo huru muindasitiri inosimudzira tekinoroji yekuyera zvakarurama kusvika pakakwirira.
Nguva yekutumira: Chivabvu-13-2025