Sei Granite Surface Plate iri iyo Nheyo Inokosha yeModern Precision Metrology?

Kutsvaga kunyatsojeka kunotsanangura mainjiniya emazuva ano nekugadzira. Munyika umo kushivirirana kunoyerwa muzvikamu zvemamiriyoni zve inchi, kuvimbika kwenheyo yekuyera kwakakosha. Kunyange hazvo maturusi edhijitari neCMM dzepamusoro dzichigamuchira kutariswa kwakawanda, ndiro yepamusoro ine hunyoro, monolithic—inowanzonzi tafura ye granite metrology—inoramba iri hwaro husingapokane hwekuongorora mativi. Inoshanda senzvimbo yepamusoro, muenzaniso we zero deviation, iyo magauge ese nemaworkpieces anofanirwa kusimbiswa. Kunzwisisa sainzi, kusarudzwa, uye rutsigiro runodiwa kune chishandiso ichi chakakosha kwakakosha kune chero nzvimbo iri kuedza kuwana mhando yepasi rose.

Sainzi Yezvinhu Zvekupenya: Sei Granite?

Sarudzo yegranite haisi yekuzvisarudzira; ndiyo mugumo wezvinodiwa zve geological uye zvesainzi. Kwemazana emakore, mwero wekuti isaparare waishandiswa pasimbi yakakandwa, asi kusagadzikana kwaivapo, hunhu hwemagineti, uye mukana wekuita ngura mumaplate esimbi zvairamba zvichikonzera matambudziko ekururama. Granite, kunyanya dema diabase inowanzoshandiswa mu metrology yakanyatsojeka, inopa mhinduro yepamusoro yakavakirwa pahunhu huna hukuru hwezvinhu:

1. Kugadzikana Kwekupisa: Granite ine Coefficient yakaderera zvikuru yekuwedzera kupisa (CTE), kazhinji hafu yesimbi. Izvi zvinoreva kuti kuchinja-chinja kwekupisa murabhoritari hakukanganisi zvakanyanya kutsetseka kweplate yese, kusiyana nesimbi, iyo inogona kukura nekukotama zvakanyanya.

2. Kuoma Kwesimba Nekudzikamisa Kwesimba: Nekuda kwehukuru hwayo uye chimiro chayo chekristaro, tafura yakatsetseka yegranite yepamusoro inodzikamisa kudengenyeka. Munzvimbo yekugadzira yakabatikana, kugadzikana uku kwakakosha pakuona kuti zvishandiso zvekuyera hazvikanganisike neruzha rwekunze kana kufamba, zvichipa nzvimbo yakanyarara uye yakagadzikana yekuyera kwakasimba.

3. Haina Magnetic uye Haiparadzi: Kusiyana nesimbi, granite haina magineti uye haizoparadzi ngura kana kuora. Izvi zvinobvisa kunetseka nezvekukanganiswa kwemagineti kunokanganisa zvishandiso uye zvinoita kuti kugadzirisa kuve nyore, zvichiita kuti kuvimbika kurambe kuripo kwenguva refu.

4. Kukweshana Kushoma uye Kusashanda Zvakanyanya: Kana chidimbu chebasa kana gauge chikafambiswa pamusoro, huwandu hwakawanda hwe quartz mugranite hunokonzera chete kukwesha panzvimbo pekuti huite kuti simbi ikwire, sezvinoitika nesimbi. Hunhu uhwu hunoreva kuti kupera kunoitika zvishoma nezvishoma uye nenzira inofungidzirwa, zvichichengetedza giredhi rechokwadi kwenguva yakareba.

Mutemo weGoridhe: Kusarudza Purati Yepamusoro Yakakodzera

Mapureti epamusoro anotsanangurwa nehukuru hwawo uye giredhi rawo rekunyatsojeka. Mapureti matatu akafanana, AA (Rabhoritari), A (Kuongorora), uye B (Tool Room), anoratidza kutsauka kunobvumirwa kubva pakutsetseka chaiko, kunowanzo kuyerwa muzvikamu gumi zvechiuru cheinji (0.0001 in) kana mainji madiki. Kune zvakawanda zvinodiwa zvekuongorora kwemazuva ano, pureti ine saizi iri pakati nepakati inopa kunyatsojeka uye kutakurwa inowanzo tsvakwa.

Chidimbu chepamusoro che 24×36 chingangove chimwe chezvikuru zvinokwanisika uye zvakakurumbira mu metrology. Zviyero zvaro zvine mwero wakakwana: rakakura zvakakwana kuti rikwanise kushandira maworkpieces akakura kana magadzirirwo akawanda ekuongorora panguva imwe chete, asi rinokwanisika kuiswa munzvimbo dzakatsaurirwa dzekuongorora kana kutamiswa zviri nyore kana rakaiswa pachigadziko chakasarudzika. Kune zvitoro zvinoshandisa zvikamu zvepakati nepakati, saizi ye $24 \x36$ inoderedza kudiwa kwekufambisa chikamu ichi paplate yakakura, zvichiita kuti chiyero chirambe chiri pedyo nepakati penzvimbo yekureferensi uko zvinhu zvezvakatipoteredza zvisina simba rakawanda.

Maitiro ekugadzira ndiro yepamusoro zvichienderana nezvinodiwa zvakadaro inyanzvi uye sainzi, inosanganisira maitiro ekugadzira neunyanzvi. Matombo egranite asina kuchekwa anochekwa, opwanywa, uye obva abatanidzwa nemazvo pamamwe maplate matatu makuru nenzira inodzokororwa (inozivikanwa senzira yekuisa maplate matatu) kuti akwanise kugadzikana. Maitiro aya anorema ndiwo anoita kuti ndiro ive nesimba rayo guru mukuongorora maerekitironiki.

Basa Rinokosha reGranite Plate Stand

Purati yepamusoro, zvisinei nekuti yakamonerwa zvakadii, inongoenderana nechimiro chayo chekutsigira. Purati isina kutsigirwa zvakanaka inongoerekana yatsauka nekuda kwehuremu hwayo nehuremu hwebasa, zvichiita kuti giredhi rayo rekusimbisa rive risingashande. Apa ndipo panotanga granite plate stand.

Chigadziko chemhando yepamusoro chakagadzirwa kuti chitsigire nzvimbo dzakatarwa dzeAiry kana Bessel—nzvimbo dzakatarwa dzinoderedza kutsauka uye dzinoita kuti pamusoro pacho parambe pakadzikama zvakanaka kana paine mutoro. Zvinhu zvechigadziko chehunyanzvi zvinosanganisira:

• Kuvaka Kwakasimba Kwakasungirirwa: Kubvisa kutamiswa kwemhepo uye kuona kuti zvinhu zvakagadzikana.

• Rutsigiro rweMapoinzi Matatu: Zvigadziko zvinowanzoshandisa tsoka nhatu dzinogadziriswa, izvo zvinoita kuti chigadziko chigadzike, chisingazunguzike kunyangwe pauriri husina kuenzana. Izvi zviri nani pane tsoka ina, izvo zvinogona kukonzera kushushikana.

• Mapadhi eKuenzanisa neKuenzanisa: Ekufambisa mukati merabhoritari, pamwe chete nemapadhi ekuenzanisa chaiwo kuti avhare ndiro yacho kuti isvike panzvimbo yayo yekupedzisira, yakatwasuka zvakakwana.

Chigadziko ichi chakakosha pakugadzirwa kwemetrology yese. Haisi tafura chete; isystem yekutsigira yakagadzirwa zvakanaka iyo inochengetedza kurongeka kwenzvimbo yekunongedzera iri pamusoro payo kwemainji mashoma. Kusateerera mhando yechigadziko ichi kunokanganisa maitiro ese ekuyera, zvichishandura chishandiso chekunyatsoita slab inorema.

Kunzwisisa Investment: Surface Plate Granite Mutengo uye Kukosha

Kune avo vane basa rekushandisa mari yakawanda, mutengo wegranite yepuratifomu yepamusoro inyaya inokosha. Zvakakosha kuona mutengo wepuratifomu yepamusoro semari inobhadharwa kwenguva refu mukusimbisa hunhu, kwete semari inoraswa. Mutengo wacho unokonzerwa nezvinhu zvakati wandei:

• Kukura uye Kurema: Maplate makuru anoda zvinhu zvakawanda uye anotora nguva yakawanda achiaisa.

• Giredhi Rekururama: Giredhi rakakwirira (semuenzaniso, AA vs. B), maawa akawanda evashandi vane hunyanzvi anodiwa pakuita lapping yekupedzisira, zvichiwedzera mutengo.

• Zvinosanganisirwa: Zvinhu zvakaita sezvishandiso zvesimbi zvakagadzirwa neshinda (zvekuisa zvinhu) kana T-slots dzakagadzirwa nehunyanzvi zvinoda michina yakanyatsogadzirwa.

• Chitupa: Chitupa chekuongorora chinoteverwa, chakazvimiririra chinowedzera kukosha uye vimbiso yemhando.

Kunyange hazvo bhenji rebasa ringave rakakodzera kubatanidza kana mabasa asiri akakosha, musiyano uripo pakati petafura yakatsetseka yegranite netafura yemetrology yegranite yakasimbiswa uri mukutevedzera mitemo ye flatness (ASME B89.3.7 kana yakaenzana) uye mhando yegranite plate stand iri pamwe chete nayo. Kuisa mari muplate yakachipa, isina certification kunotungamira mukugadzirwa kwezvikamu zvisingaenderane nezvinodiwa, zvichizoguma nemitengo yakawanda kuburikidza nekugadzira patsva, kukuvara, uye kukuvara kwemukurumbira. Kukosha kwechokwadi kweplate yepamusoro yemhando yepamusoro ndiko kuvimbiswa kwechivimbo chekuyera chainopa.

Kureba kwenguva refu, Kuenzanisa, uye Chikamu cheMunhu

Kusiyana nemichina yakawanda yemazuva ano inoshandisa software nezvikamu zvinofamba, plate yepamusoro chishandiso chisingachinjiki chakagadzirirwa kugara kwenguva refu. Nekutarisirwa kwakakodzera—kusanganisira kushandisa mabhurashi akapfava chete pakuchenesa, kuisa machira matete ekuchenesa plate yepamusoro, uye kudzivirira kudonha kwezvishandiso—plate yegranite inogona kupa makumi emakore ebasa rakavimbika.

Zvisinei, kunyange zvinhu zvakasimba zvakanyanya zvinogona kupfekwa. Kugara uchishandisa zvishandiso zvekuyera munzvimbo dzakatarwa, kunyanya pakati, kunozopedzisira kwakonzera kukweshana kudiki, zvichikonzera kupatsanuka kudiki. Izvi zvinoda kutariswa nguva nenguva uye kwakabvumidzwa. Nyanzvi yemetro inoshandisa autocollimator uye mazinga emagetsi kuti iongorore pamusoro peplate yese, ichiienzanisa neyakajairika. Maitiro aya ekudzokororazve akakosha anoita kuti plate irambe iri mukati megiredhi rayo rakatarwa uye inochengetedza simba rayo sechiyero chekuyera chenzvimbo yacho.

Munyika yakaoma yemetrology, uko chidimbu chimwe nechimwe che micro-inch chinodiwa, granite surface plate haisi chinhu chingoshandiswa chete—ndiyo hwaro hunokosha. Simba rayo rinobva mumitemo yefizikisi uye kuoma kwekugadzirwa kwayo. Kune chero sangano rinovavarira kunyatsojeka, kuve nechokwadi chekuti purani yekutarisa yakakura uye inotsigirwa, senge modhi inowanikwa nevanhu vakawanda ka24, iripo uye inochengetwa nguva dzose chiratidzo chakajeka chekuzvipira kuhunhu.