Zvivharo zvako zvesimbi zviri kukunyepera.
Kwete nemaune. Asi mushure memwedzi mitanhatu yekushandiswa pasi muchitoro—kupfapfaidza kwemvura inotonhodza, tembiricha inochinja-chinja pakati pekuchinjana kwemangwanani nemasikati, kudonha kunodonhera pandiro yesimbi yakakandwa—chivharo ichocho che "10mm" chingave chiri 10.0003mm. Kana 9.9997mm. Uye kana uri kushandisa 5-micron tolerances, zvikanganiso zvidiki izvozvo zvinosangana muzvikamu zvakaraswa.
Iri ndiro dambudziko risingataurwi nemunhu panyaya yekugadzira zvinhu nemazvo.
Hezvino zvinoitika chaizvo nemageji esimbi munzvimbo dzekugadzira.
Simbi inoora. Kunyangwe "isina ngura" inogona kusvibisa kana ikasangana nezvinhu zvinotonhodza, mafuta ekucheka, kana hunyoro hwakawanda nekufamba kwenguva. Kana zviso zvebasa zvatanga ngura isingaonekwe zvakanaka, maitiro ako ekukwinya anochinja. Mabhuroko haachaonekwe zvakanaka. Kureba kunodonha.
Simbi inosakara. Nguva imwe neimwe yaunosanganisa gauge block stack, uri kubvisa zvinhu zvidiki kubva kumeso. Mushure menguva yakakwana—zvichienderana nekushandiswa kwawakaita, pamwe mazana mashoma ekuvaka stack—kunyatsojeka kwehukuru hwemagadzirirwo acho kunobuda nekuda kwekushivirira. Chitupa chako che calibration chemakore maviri apfuura chingasaratidze zvauri kuyera nhasi.
Simbi inoita magnetism. Mumarabhoritari emetrology nenzvimbo dzeCNC machining, kupindira kwemagineti kubva mumidziyo iri pedyo kunogona kukanganisa maitiro esimbi. Kwete nguva dzose, kwete zvakanyanya—asi mumashandisirwo akanyatsojeka, "hazvina zvakawanda" zvinogona kunge zvakawandisa.
Simbi inokura nekupisa. Ehe, simbi ine chiyero chinozivikanwa chekuwedzera kwekupisa, uye ma laboratori akanaka ndiwo anokonzera izvi. Asi kuchinja-chinja kwekupisa kudiki nguva dzose mukati mezuva rekugadzira kunoita kuti pave nekusawirirana kudiki asi chaiko pakuyera.
Zvishandiso zvekuyera zveCeramic zvinodzivirira matambudziko ese aya.
Uye hazvisi zvemashiripiti—zvinongova chemistry nefizikisi zviri kuita basa razvo.
Tora zirconia ceramic. Kuomarara kwe1200-1450 HV1, zvichienzaniswa ne700-800 HV yesimbi yakaoma. Izvi zvinoreva kuti magauge blocks akagadzirwa nezirconia anowana chikamu chimwe mugumi chehuwandu hwekusakara. Mune imwe cell yekukuya yakanyatsonyorwa, kuchinja kune magauge blocks eceramic kwakawedzera nguva dzekuenzanisa kubva pamwedzi mishoma yega yega kusvika pagore rega rega. Ngura yaibata simbi yavo mumhepo inotonhorera yakangonyangarika.
Chinhu chisiri chemagnetic chinoshandura zvinhu mune mamwe mashandisirwo. Zirconia ine resistivity yepamusoro inodarika 10^14 Ω·cm—inochengetedza magetsi, haina magnetic zvachose. Izvi zvinobvisa zvinhu zvinokwezva magnetic zvinogona kukanganisa mhedzisiro yekuongorora. Kana uri kuyera zvikamu zvebearing kana kushanda pedyo nemidziyo ye magnetic chucking, izvi zvinokosha.
Uye maitiro ekupisa anobatsira zvinoshamisa. Chiyero chekuwedzera kwekupisa cheZirconia chiri pa1×10^-5/°C. Izvi zvakafanana nesimbi, zvinoreva kuti kuverenga kwako kwekupisa hakudi kugadziriswa kwakazara. Asi ceramic haiiti kupisa nenzira imwechete, saka magiraidi ekupisa mukati mechishandiso pachacho mashoma. Kuverenga kwaunowana mushure memasekonzi makumi matatu ekubata kwakasimba, kwete kudonha sezvo chishandiso chichiita zvakaenzana zvishoma nezvishoma.
Zvino, mubvunzo chaiwo: zirconia kana alumina?
Zirconia inokunda pakusimba kwayo. Ine chinonzi "transformation toughening" - kana yamanikidzwa, inochinja zvishoma padanho rinodzivirira kupararira kwematombo. Izvi zvinoita kuti ikwanise kukanganwira kana ukadonhedza gauge block netsaona. Alumina yakaoma asi inopwanyika; kukanganiswa kwayo kunogona kukonzera kupwanyika.
Simba rekugwinha reZirconia rinosvika 1100 MPa rinodarika katatu pane realumina. Kana zvishandiso zvako zvikabatwa zvisina kunaka, zirconia inorerutsira.
Asi alumina ine nzvimbo yayo. Haidhuri zvakanyanya, ichiri yakasimba zvakanyanya (HV 1200+), uye pakushandisa kwaunoda kuwedzera kupisa kwakanyanya—sekunge optical metrology—alumina's CTE yakaderera inogona kubatsira. Mamwe maresitorendi ekuona anonyatsoda alumina nekuti inodonha zvishoma kana tembiricha yakwira.
Kune akawanda mashandisirwo ekugadzira nemazvo, zirconia inonyanya kukosha. Kugara kwenguva refu kwechinhu ichi ndekwechokwadi, uye mutengo wepamusoro unodzoserwa nehupenyu hwebasa hwakareba uye kuderedzwa kwekuenzanisa.
Izvi zvinoita sei pakuita basa?
Mukugadzira mabheyaringi, mapini eceramic gauge anoongorora dhayamita yemukati nekunze kwezuva rose. Mapini esimbi ari munzvimbo iyoyo here? Kuonekwa kwechinhu chinotonhodza, kusvibiswa kwesimbi, kubata nguva dzose. Mapini eceramic haaori, haakwezve marara esimbi, uye kuomarara kwakanyanya kunoreva kuti zviso zvekuyera zvinogara kwenguva refu zvichishivirira. Mumwe mugadziri wemabheyaringi akataura kuti chiyero chavo chekutsiva mapini ekuongorora chakaderera neinenge 80% mushure mekuchinja kuenda kumabheyaringi.
Muzvitoro zvemaforoma nemidziyo, maV-blocks eceramic nemakona akatwasuka anoyera kudzika kwegomba, ukobvu hwemapanga, uye kurongeka kwezvishandiso. Chinhu chikuru ndechekuti hapana kugadziriswa kwechinhu—hapana mafuta, hapana ngura, hapana kunetseka nezvekuti plate yemucheto yakasiyiwa here husiku hwese. Irasire, ichenese, uye ishandise.
Mukugadzira zvikamu zve optical, maturusi ekuyera eceramic anobata ma lens nema prisms asingakwanise kukwenywa. Kuomarara kwepamusoro kwema blocks emhando yepamusoro e ceramic gauge—Ra ≤ 0.2 micrometers—hakukuvadze girazi re optical rakaporishwa. Uye nekuti ceramic haina makemikari, hapana njodzi yekusvibiswa kwe ion yesimbi inokanganisa ma lens coating kana transmissivity.
Mumidziyo yemagetsi neyemagetsi, zvinhu zvisingafambise simba remagetsi, zvisingashandise simba remagetsi zvinobvisa kukanganiswa kwemaitiro ekuyera akavakirwa pamagetsi uye ekugadzira. Zvishandiso zvesimbi zviri pedyo nezvinhu zvinonzwa zvinogona kukonzera matambudziko akasiyana-siyana akaoma kuteverwa.
Zvinhu zvishoma zvinobatsira zvinofanira kuzivikanwa.
Kusarudzwa kwemagiredhi kunoshanda semabhuroko esimbi ekuyera: Giredhi 0, 1, 2, uye 3, zvichienderana neISO 3650 standards. Mazhinji mashandisirwo ekugadzira nemazvo anoda Giredhi 0 kana Giredhi 1. Kana uri kuita basa risingadi mwero iwoyo wekunyatsojeka, usabhadhara mari yacho.
Kuchengeta zvinhu kuri nyore pane simbi. Hapana mafuta, hapana machira anodzivirira ngura, hapana kabhineti inodzora hunyoro inodiwa. Kuchengeta zvinhu zvakanaka chete kana zvauya nazvo. Hazvina kusimba, asi kuzvirapa zvinopfupisa hupenyu hwechinhu chipi zvacho.
Kugadzirisa zvinhu kuchiri kudiwa. Ceramic haibvisi zvachose kudonha kwemvura—inononoka kupfuura simbi. Kugadzirisa zvinhu pagore ndiyo nzira inoshandiswa pakugadzira zvinhu; mamwe mabhizinesi anotora mwedzi 18-24 kana kushandiswa kwacho kuri kushoma.
Mari yekubhadhara ndeyechokwadi asi ine musoro. Tarisira kubhadhara pamwe 30-50% yakawanda kupfuura simbi yakaenzana nayo. Asi kana ukafunga nezvekuwedzera nguva dzekugadzirisa, kudzikira kwekutsiva, uye kusakundikana kwengura, mari yese yekuva muridzi kwemakore mashanu inowanzobuda yakaenzana kana kuti iri nani.
Heino kuenzanisa kupfupi kunoisa izvi mumaonero akanaka.
Seti yako yesimbi yekuyera simbi, mashandisirwo ekugadzira, mamiriro epasi pechitoro:
- Kugadzirisa mwedzi mitatu kusvika mitanhatu yega yega nekuda kwekusakara uye ngura
- Kutsiva mabhuroko anoshandiswa zvakanyanya makore ese maviri kusvika matatu
- Zvikanganiso zvekuyera dzimwe nguva kubva mukuora kana kuora kwenzvimbo
- Kuchenesa nekuisa mafuta zuva nezuva kudzivirira ngura
Kushandiswa kwakafanana, mabhuroko e ceramic gauge:
- Kugadzirisa mwedzi yega yega 12-18
- Kutsiva chete kana kwakakuvara panyama
- Maitiro ekuyera akafanana uye anofungidzirwa
- Pukuta, chengeta, zvapera
Musiyano iwoyo mukushanda kwemabasa ndewechokwadi. Uye muchitoro chine vanhu vakawanda apo tekinoroji yako yeQC yatove yakatambanudzwa, kubvisa chimwe chinhu chekugadzirisa kubva muequation kunobatsira zvechokwadi.
Kana maturusi ekuyera eceramic achikosha pakushanda kwako zvinoenderana nemamiriro ako chaiwo.
Kana uri kushandisa nzira dzakasimba, uchishanda munzvimbo dzakaoma, kana kupedza nguva yakawanda uchirwisa kugadzirisa magauge block, switch iyi ingangove yakakodzera kuongorora. Tanga neseti imwe chete—kit yegauge block iri mumhando yako yakajairika—uye ona kuti inoshanda sei zvichienderana nekushanda kwako kwazvino.
Zvitoro zvakawanda zvinoedza zveceramic hazvidzokeri kusimbi.
Nguva yekutumira: Chivabvu-22-2026