Heino mubvunzo wandinoda kubvunza vatariri vezvitoro zve precision: riini nguva yawakapedzisira kuvimba ne surface plate yako?
Kwete kuti “inotaridzika zvakanaka.” Kwete kuti “yapfuura neongororo yakaitwa kare.” Ndiri kureva kuvimba — rudzi rwekuvimba kwaunoisa chikamu chitsva pairi, woongorora zviyero zvako, uye woziva kuti nhamba dzauri kuverenga dzine chekuita nechikamu chacho, kwete kuti ndiro iri kuyerera pasi payo.
Vanhu vazhinji vanozeza. Vamwe vanochinja nyaya yacho. Vamwe vanobvuma kuti havazivi, nekuti havana kumboongorora.
Ndipo panotangira hurukuro yese iyi.
Nei Mapuratifomu Epamusoro Achiri Kukosha Kupfuura Zvinofungwa Nevatengi Vazhinji
Tiri kurarama munguva yema laser interferometers, masisitimu ekuona, uye ma touch probes anogona kuyera zvinhu zvidiki mumasekondi. Zviri nyore kubata pamusoro peplate sechinhu chakasaririra — dombo rinorema rakati sandara (kana chidimbu chinorema chesimbi yakakandwa) riri mukona yekamuri rekuongorora risingaite chero chinhu.
Kunze kwekuti inoita zvinenge zvese.
Purati yepamusoro ndiyo nzvimbo inoyerwa zvinhu zvakawanda nemaoko uye nehafu-maoko. Kuverenga kwese kwema micrometer kwaunotora uchishandisa geji yekukwirira, gadziriro yega yega yechiratidzo chekuyedza, kuenzanisa kwese pakati pechinhu chakagadzirwa nemashini uye chiyero chekuyerwa - zvese zvinoyerera nepamusoro pechikamu chiri pachiri. Kana nzvimbo iyoyo isina kugadzikana uye isingafanoonekwe nekupisa, kuyerwa kwese kuri pasi pemvura kune chikanganiso chisina kuverengeka.
Chokwadi chisingafadzi ndechekuti zvitoro zvakawanda zviri kushandisa mafekitori azvo asina kumbobvunza kwemakore. Dzimwe nguva makumi emakore.
Kuenzanisa Kwechokwadi Hapana Anoita Zvakanaka
Famba uchienda kunzvimbo gumi dzekugadzira zvinhu nemazvo uye uchawana nzvimbo ine simbi yakakamurwa negranite ne50/50. Bvunza vatengi kuti sei vakasarudza zvavakasarudza, uye vazhinji vachakupa mhinduro inonzwika seine musoro asi isinganyanyi kutariswa.
"Ndakasarudza simbi yakakandwa nekuti ndeyechinyakare."
"Ndakasarudza granite nekuti inogara yakagadzikana."
Mhinduro dzese idzodzo hadzina kukwana. Heino maitiro chaiwo ehurongwa hwesarudzo:
Mapureti esimbi akakandwa pamusoroZvave zvichishandiswa mumaindasitiri kwemakore anopfuura zana, uye nezvikonzero zvakanaka. Ane hunhu hwakanaka hwekunyorovesa - anonwisa kudedera kupfuura granite, iyo inokosha munzvimbo dzinorema dzekugadzira. Zviri nyore zvakare kudzokororwa kana dzapfekwa. Nyanzvi yemakanika inogona kukwenya plate yesimbi yakasakara ichidzokera kune yakatarwa nekukurumidza, izvo zvinoita kuti kugadzirisa kuve nyore.
Chinochinjana ndechekuti tembiricha inodziya. Simbi inokura uye inodzikira zvakanyanya kana tembiricha yachinja. Ndiro yesimbi inodziya muchitoro chisina kudziyiswa munguva yechando inoita zvakasiyana nendiro imwe chete muzhizha. Pabasa rinoda kunyatsojeka kwe micron muzviyero zvikuru, kutenderera uku kwekupisa hakusi nyore.
Mapureti epamusoro eGraniteGadzirisa dambudziko rekupisa zvakanaka. Granite nhema ine thermal expansion coefficient yakaderera uye ine divi rakagadzikana rakasiyana-siyana pakupisa kwakajairika. Granite plate haidi kudzorwa kwemamiriro ekunze kuti irambe iine geometry yayo sezvakaita simbi yakaumbwa. Hainawo ngura, haipe ngura, uye haidi mafuta.
Chinhu chinochinja ndechekuti granite inogona kugadziriswa. Kana granite ikasakara kana kukuvara, haugone kuikwenya kuti ikwane sezvaunogona nesimbi yakakandwa. Uri kutsvaga kuikwenyazve (inodhura uye inotora nguva) kana kuitsiva. Ndosaka kunaka kwezvinhu zvepakutanga uye kunyatsogadzirwa kwayo zvichikosha zvikuru kune granite - uri kuita chibvumirano chenguva refu panguva yekutenga.
Chinonyanya kukosha mumunda: pakushandiswa kwakawanda kwekuongorora munzvimbo dzakadzorwa, kugadzikana kwekupisa kwegranite kunoita kuti ive nemukana unoyerwa. Pakugadzira zvinhu zvinorema uye kuunganidza zvinhu zvakakura uko kugadzikana kwekudengenyeka uye kugadziriswa kunokosha, simbi yakakandwa ichiri kuwana nzvimbo yayo.
Sisitimu yeGiredhi Yakatsanangurwa: Zvauri Kutenga Chaizvoizvo
Zviyero zvakawanda zvemapuratifomu epamusoro zvinotarisa zviyero zvakaita seDIN 876, ASME GGGP-463C, kana ISO 8512. Izvi zvinotsanangura mamakisi ekururama - kazhinji Giredhi 00, Giredhi 0, Giredhi 1, uye Giredhi 2 - zvichibva pakushivirira kutsetseka.
Hezvino zvinorehwa nemagiredhi iwayo mukuita, uchishandisa DIN 876 standard sereferensi:
Giredhi 00 inobvumira anenge ma microns 2.3 ekutsaudzira kwe flatness pamusoro pe 1,000mm. Giredhi 0 inobvumira anenge ma microns 4.6. Giredhi 1 inobvumira anenge ma microns 9.2. Giredhi 2 inobvumira anenge ma microns 18.5.
Maitiro iwayo ekupeta kaviri haasi echisarudzo - danho rega rega rekudzika mugiredhi rinomiririra kupeta kaviri kwechikanganiso chinobvumirwa. Uye bhajeti rekuti chikanganiso hachifanirwe kungovhara kwete chete kushivirira kwekugadzirwa, asiwo kuora kweplate panguva yebasa rayo.
Kana tichitarisa mamiriro acho ezvinhu: kana uchiyera zvikamu zvakagadzirwa nemashini kusvika ku ±2 microns, plate yeGiredhi 1 (9.2 microns yekusiyana kwakatenderwa) iri kutotora inenge 20% yebhendi rako rekutsungirira — usati wafunga nezveimwe nzira yekuyera kusanzwisisika. Ndiyo nhamba yakakodzera kutevedzera.
Ndosaka marabhoritari akakomba emetrology uye masisitimu emhando yendege achinyanya kutsanangura Giredhi 00. Mutengo wekuwedzera weplate yepamusoro-soro hauna kukosha kana tichienzanisa nemutengo wekukanganisa kwekuyera kusingaonekwe kunowira muboka rezvikamu zvisingaenderane nezvinodiwa.
Chii chakauraya ndiro yako yekupedzisira yepamusoro (uye chii chakanaka chinodzivisa)
Maplate epamusoro haakundikane zvakanyanya. Anodonha. Anotora hunyoro. Anounganidza kukuvara pasi pevhu kubva kuzvinhu zvinotakura zvinhu zvinodonha. Anogadzira mapatani ekupfeka ari munzvimbo imwe chete kubva pakubatana kakawanda nenzvimbo dzakafanana dzekuyera.
Nzira inonyanya kukundikana yemaplate esimbi yakakandwa munzvimbo dzine hunyoro ndeyekuchinja kwehunyoro kunokonzerwa nehunyoro. Kunyangwe kana yakazorwa mafuta zvakanaka, simbi yakakandwa ine maburi akakwana ekupinza utsi hwemvura nekufamba kwenguva, kunyanya munzvimbo dzisina kudzorwa nemamiriro ekunze. Mugumisiro wacho kurasikirwa zvishoma nezvishoma kwehutete husingaonekwe pachitupa chekuenzanisa asi hunoonekwa pese paunoedza kuchengetedza kushivirira kwakasimba.
Mapureti egranite anokundikana zvakasiyana. Dambudziko rinowanzoitika harisi dambudziko remhando yegranite - idambudziko rekupisa. Pureti yepamusoro yegranite yakagara mudura rinotonhora yozoendeswa muimba yekuongorora inodziya uye ine hunyoro inogona kusangana nekushushikana kwenzvimbo uko kunokonzera kuputika kudiki pasi pevhu. Izvi hazviitike nekujairana kwakakodzera, asi munyika chaiyo, zvinhu zvinokurumidza kufamba.
Imwe nzira yekukundikana kwezvinhu zvese izvi ndeyekukuvara kwesimbi. Chishandiso chesimbi chakadonha, kuiswa kwegauge block isina kungwarira - izvi zvinogadzira maburi emunharaunda kana machip marks anova ma stress concentrators uye geometric reference errors. Maplate akanaka epamusoro anouya nemidziyo yekudzivirira kudzivirira izvi, uye vazhinji vanoshanda vanofuratira zano kusvika vatogadzira dambudziko.
Hapana Anotaura Nezvedu Zvishandiso Zvekuchengetedza Zvinhu
Purati repamusoro rakagara panzvimbo isina kuenzana zvakanaka ndiro puratifomu repamusoro rakakanganiswa. Puratifomu, nzira yekuiisa, uye nharaunda zvese zvinobatsira kuti puratifomu ishande zvakanaka.
Pamaplate esimbi akaumbwa, nzira yechinyakare ndeyekuisa makabati ane tsoka dzinochinjika dzinochinjika. Pfungwa ndeyekuisa plate mukati memaminitsi mashoma kubva pakuenzanisa, wobva warega huremu hweplate yacho huchigovera chero kusaenzana kwasara. Izvi zvinoshanda zvakanaka, asi zvinofungidzira kuti pasi payo pakasimba uye harichinjiki kana paine mutoro.
Kune maplate egranite, kunyanya mapurati makuru, chimiro chakasimba, chekutsigira chemonolithic chinonyanya kukosha. Granite yakasimba asi inopfava — haichinji kuti ikwane kusawirirana kudiki kwehwaro sezvinoita simbi yakaumbwa. Granite plate yakatsigirwa pahwaro husina kuenzana ichasangana nekumanikidzwa kwakasiyana kunogona kukonzera kutsemuka, kunyanya kana paine kutenderera kwekupisa kunobatanidzwa.
Zvishongedzo zvinonyanya kukosha: zvinhu zvekushandisa pabasa zvakakodzera kudzivirira kukuvara, zvivharo zvekuvhara kuti marara uye kusvibiswa zvisasvike pamusoro pekuyerwa, uye zvitupa zvekuongorora nguva nenguva kubva murabhoritari ine mvumo. Pureti isina chitupa chekuongorora chiripo iri kuita vimbiso yekuti haigone kudzoserwa shure.
Kutsvaga Kubva Kumugadziri Chaiye vs. Mutengesi weCatalog
Izvi zvinonyanya kukosha kupfuura zvinofungwa nevatengi vazhinji.
Kana ukatenga plate yepamusoro kubva kumutengesi anotengesa zvinhu kubva kumafekitori akasiyana-siyana, unowanzo tenga chigadzirwa chine pepa remhando yepamusoro asi chisina nhoroondo chaiyo yekugadzira. Hauzive kuti ndiani akachigadzira, kuti zvinhu zvipi zvakashandiswa, kana kuti munhu akakwenya pamusoro pechinhu chekupedzisira aive nemakore matatu eruzivo kana makumi matatu eruzivo.
Musiyano uyu unoratidzwa mumaitiro emucheto, kugadzikana kwechimiro chepamusoro, uye kugara kwakasimba kwenguva refu. Purati repamusoro kubva kumugadziri wekugadzira zvinhu nemazvo ane makore akawanda eruzivo rwekukwesha nemaoko richagara kwenguva yakareba nekuti pamusoro pekutanga pakagadzirwa nekungwarira. Purati repamusoro kubva kumutengesi wezvinhu rinogona kusangana nezvinodiwa pakudzikama pakutumira - asi mushure memwedzi mitanhatu, munzvimbo chaiyo yefekitori, musiyano uripo pakati pavo unoyerwa.
Bvunza mutengesi wako zvakananga kuti: Ndiani akagadzira izvi? Kupi? Ndingashanyira nzvimbo iyi here? Vashandi vako vane ruzivo rwemakore mangani rwekukwesha? Kutevedza kwaunoita ketani yako yekuongorora kunopa ruzivo rwakadii?
Vatengesi vanoramba kupindura mibvunzo iyoyo vari kukuudza chimwe chinhu.
Kusarudza Sarudzo Yakakodzera Yechikumbiro Chako
Sarudzo haisi yesimbi yakakandwa kana kuti granite. Inyaya yekufananidza zvinhu negiredhi zvinoenderana nezvaunoda chaizvo.
Kana uri kushandisa lab yekuongorora mamiriro ekunze ine mitemo yakasimba yekudzivirira zvakatipoteredza uye zvinodiwa kuti ukwanise kushivirira mazinga e micron: taura granite yeGiredhi 00, ine ruzivo rwekuongorora mamiriro ekunze kubva kuNational Metrology Institute, uye tembiricha nehunyoro hwakanyorwa.
Kana uri kushandisa michina yekugadzira ine michina inorema uye pasi payo pakudedera zvakanyanya: ndiro yesimbi yakakandwa inotsigirwa zvakanaka ine vibration damping yakakodzera inogona kushanda zvakanaka kupfuura granite, nekuti vibration absorption inonyanya kukosha kupfuura kugadzikana kwekupisa mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro.
Kana uri munzvimbo yekuSoutheast Asia isina mhepo inotonhodza munzvimbo yekugadzira: kuramba hunyoro hwegranite hakusi kwekusarudza. Musiyano uripo pakati peplate inochengetedza hunyanzvi hwayo gore rese neplate inoyerera mwaka wega wega wemvura inonaya.
Kana uri kutenga sisitimu yekurapa kana yemhando yepamusoro yendege: tsvaga magwaro akazara ekutevera, zvitupa zvekuongorora zvine mvumo, uye mugadziri ane ruzivo rwakanyorwa muzvikamu izvozvo zvinodzorwa. Tsanangudzo yekutenga inonyanya kukosha seyakagadzirwa.
Chii Chinotevera Mushure mePlate
Heino chimwe chinhu icho vazhinji vanotenga ma "surface plate" vasingambofungi nezvacho kusvika zvapera: "surface plate" inongovimbika chete se "system" yakaipoteredza.
Chiyero chehurefu hwako chinofanira kuenzaniswa. Zviratidzo zvako zvekuyedza zvinofanira kunge zviri mumamiriro akanaka emakanika. Kunyorwa kwetembiricha yako nehunyoro kunofanirwa kunge kuri kwemazuva ano. Mainjiniya ako anofanira kunzwisisa maitiro ekufunga nezvekuwedzera kwekupisa pakuyera zvikamu zviri patembiricha yakasiyana neplate.
Puratifomu yegranite yeGiredhi 00 haingokupi mhinduro dzekuyerwa kweGiredhi 00 yega. Inokupa gwara rekutarisa rakavimbika. Zvimwe zvese zvecheni yekuyerwa zvinofanirawo kuvakwa nemazvo.
Izvozvo zvinokosha kurangarira nguva inotevera apo mumwe munhu anokubvunza kana uchivimba nepuratifomu yako yepamusoro. Mhinduro yacho ingangove "kwete zvachose" - uye kugadzirisa kungangodaro kunotanga nekutarisa sisitimu yese, kwete puratifomu pachayo chete.
Asi zvinotanga nekutenga ndiro chaiyo pakutanga.
Nguva yekutumira: Chivabvu-26-2026