Munyika ine hunyanzvi hwepamusoro hwemetrology, gage block—inowanzonzi "Jo Block" mushure memugadziri wayo Carl Edvard Johansson—ndiyo inonyatsotsanangura chokwadi. Aya ma rectangles akanyatsogadzirwa anoshanda senzira huru yekuyera mutsara muzvitoro zvemichina uye mumarabhoritari ekuongorora pasi rese. Kwemakumi emakore, simbi yezvishandiso yepamusoro ndiyo yaive chinhu chisingarambiki chezvishandiso izvi zvakakosha. Zvisinei, sezvo kushivirira kwekugadzira kwawedzera uye kuda kwenguva refu munzvimbo dzakaoma dzezvitoro kwawedzera, mutsivi wepamusoro akabuda: Zirconia-based Ceramic.
Kunyange hazvo maburi esimbi achiramba ari chinhu chikuru nekuda kwemutengo wawo wakaderera pakutanga, kuchinja kuenda kuceramic hakusi kungoitika chete—imhinduro kumiganhu yesimbi. Munyaya inotevera, tichaongorora kuti nei maburi eceramic gage ave chiyero chegoridhe chevagadziri vane hanya nehunhu uye kuti vanogadzirisa sei misoro isingaperi yemetrology yechinyakare.
Kusadzivirirwa kuZvinhu Zviri Mukati: Kuguma kweKuora
Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha uye chinooneka chekushandisa ceramic ndechekuti haiparadzi ngura zvachose. Simbi, zvisinei nekuti yakanaka sei, isimbi ine ferrous. Munzvimbo yekugadzira zvinhu ine vanhu vakawanda, hunyoro, mhute inotonhodza, uye kunyange mafuta echisikigo anobva paminwe yemugadziri zvinogona kukonzera oxidation. Chigunwe chimwe chete chinosiyiwa pabhuroko resimbi husiku hwese chinogona kukonzera kutsvuka kusingaperi, zvichikanganisa kupenya kwakafanana negirazi kunodiwa kuti "itsvedzerere" - maitiro apo mabhuroko maviri anotsvedzererwa pamwe chete zvakasimba zvekuti anobatana.
Zvivharo zveCeramic gage zvakasiyana zvachose. Zvazvisina makemikari, hazvisvibisi, hazvisvibisi, kana kuora. Izvi zvinobvisa kudiwa kwemabasa ekugadzirisa anonetesa uye asina kunaka ane chekuita nesimbi, akadai sekushandisa mafuta anodzivirira kana mafuta ekudzivirira ngura usati wachengeta. Kune imba yekuongorora yakawanda, nguva inochengetwa pakuchenesa nekugadzirira zvivharo inoshandura zvakananga kuwedzera kwesimba remagetsi. Chinonyanya kukosha, zvinopa rugare rwepfungwa: haufanirwe kunetseka kuti bhuroko rakakanganwika kumashure kwedhirowa rave chidimbu chesimbi isina ngura.
Kuramba Kupfeka Kwakanaka Uye Kugara Nguva Yakareba
Mukugadzira nemazvo, gage block inongofanana nehukuru hwayo. Nguva imwe neimwe bhokisi parinodzvanywa kune rimwe kana kushandiswa kugadzirisa micrometer, huwandu hwezvinhu hunobva hwapera. Zvidhinha zvesimbi zvakapfava zvichienzaniswa nezvinhu zvavanowanzo yera, zvichiita kuti kurasika kwekururama zvishoma nezvishoma mumakore ekushandisa.
Zvidhinha zveCeramic, kunyanya izvo zvakagadzirwa neZirconia yemhando yepamusoro, zvakaoma kupfuura simbi. Zvine simba rekudzivirira kupera iro rinowanzo taurwa serakakura zvakapetwa kagumi pane zvezvidhinha zvesimbi zvechinyakare. Kuoma uku kunoita kuti nzvimbo dzakati sandara, dzakafanana dzechidhinha dzirambe dziri mukati mehuremu hwadzo hwakatarwa kwenguva yakareba. Kumakambani anoongororwa nguva dzose neISO, izvi zvinoreva kuti calibrations shoma dzakakundikana uye nguva shoma yekutsiva, zvichiita kuti mari yekutanga yakawanda muceramic ive sarudzo inodhura zvakanyanya kupfuura hupenyu hwese hwechigadzirwa.
Dambudziko ne "Burrs" uye Surface Integrity
Imwe yenjodzi "dzakavanzika" dzemabhuroko esimbi iburr. Kana bhuroko resimbi rikadonhedzwa netsaona kana kurohwa panzvimbo yakaoma, simbi inobviswa, kazhinji ichigadzira mupendero wakasimudzwa usingaonekwe kana "gomba." Kana nyanzvi ikasaona burr iyi yoedza kukwiza bhuroko kune rimwe, simbi yakasimudzwa inogona kukwenya pamusoro pebhuroko rechipiri, zvichikonzera kukuvara kwecheni mukati meseti inodhura.
Ceramic inoita zvakasiyana. Nekuda kwehunhu hwayo hwekupfava asi hwakaoma zvikuru, ceramic haiite "howa" kana kugadzira burr kana yarova. Kana bhokisi receramic rikadonhedzwa, richaramba rakakwana kana, muzviitiko zvakanyanya, chidimbu chidiki chinogona kutsemuka. Chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuti, pamusoro pasara panoramba pakamira zvakanaka. Haizo "kuvhuvhuta" kumusoro, zvichireva kuti haizombokuvadzi mamwe mabhuroko nemaune kana kupa mufananidzo wenhema, wakakura panguva yekuongorora.
Kugadzikana uye Kubata kweThermal
Kuyera nemazvo kunoenderana nekupisa. Zviyero zvakawanda zvemaindasitiri zvinoitwa kuti zvive zvakajairika kusvika pa20℃ (68℉), asi kupisa kunobva muruoko rwemunhu kunogona kukonzera kuti gage block ikure zvakanyanya. Zvinhu zveceramic zvine coefficient yekuwedzera kwekupisa iyo inowanzo kuve yakaderera uye inofungidzirwa zviri nyore munzvimbo dzakati kana zvichienzaniswa nesimbi.
Kunyange zvazvo kuwedzera kwekupisa kweceramic kuchiwanzova pedyo nesimbi kuti zvikwanise kuenzanisa zvakananga nezvikamu zvesimbi, kuderera kwekupisa kwechinhu chacho ibhenefiti huru. Ceramic haitore kupisa kubva muruoko nekukurumidza sezvinoita simbi. Izvi zvinoreva kuti nyanzvi inogona kubata bhokisi receramic kwenguva yakareba pasina kukonzera "kukura" kukuru kunoitika nesimbi, zvichikonzera kuyerwa kwakasimba uye kunodzokororwa panguva yekuongorora nemaoko.
Zvimiro Zvisiri zveMagineti uye Zvisiri zveKufambisa
Mukugadzirwa kwemazuva ano, kunyanya mumaindasitiri e semiconductor nemagetsi, magnetism inyaya inogara ichinetsa. Zvivharo zvesimbi zvinogona kuvezwa nemagnet nekufamba kwenguva, kunyanya kana zvikashandiswa pedyo nemagineti chucks kana michina ine simba guru. Bhokisi rine magineti rinokwezva guruva resimbi risingaonekwe zvakanaka uye swarf, izvo zvinogona kushanda sechinokwenya uye kuparadza pamusoro pechinhu chiri kukwiza kana kukwenya chikamu chiri kuyerwa.
Ceramic haina magineti zvachose. Haimbofi yakakwezva mafirita esimbi, zvichiita kuti kubatana pakati pegeji nechikamu chacho kurambe kwakachena. Uyezve, sechinodzivirira magetsi, mabhuroko eceramic akakodzera kushandiswa uko kufambiswa kwemagetsi kunogona kukanganisa zvikamu zvemagetsi zvinonzwa kana masensa.
Mhedziso: Nei Switch Iine Mufungo
Kuchinja kubva pasimbi kuenda kumidziyo yeceramic gage kunomiririra kufamba kuenda pakunyatso "chengetedza". Nekubvisa njodzi dzengura, magnetism, uye kuputika, ceramic inobvumira madhipatimendi ekudzora mhando kuti atarise pane zvinonyanya kukosha: kunyatsorongeka. Kunyange zvazvo mutengo wekutanga weseti yeceramic wakakwira, kusanganiswa kwekugara kwenguva refu kwakanyanya, kuderedzwa kwekutenderera kwekuenzanisa, uye kubviswa kwezvidziviriro zvinovaita mhinduro inoshanda zvakanyanya kune chero nzvimbo yakanyatsorongeka.
Kunyangwe uri kuyera zvikamu zvemuchadenga ne sub-micron tolerances kana kungotsvaga mwero wakavimbika wemuchina wako, maburi eceramic gage anopa hwaro hwekugadzikana uko simbi isingakwanise kuenzana nako.
Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-13-2026